Python进阶之Excel基本操作介绍

# 创建工作簿
wb = xlwt.Workbook()
# 创建表单
sh = wb.add_sheet('test')
# 创建字体对象
font = xlwt.Font()
# 字体加粗
font.bold = True
alm = xlwt.Alignment()
# 设置左对齐
alm.horz = 0x01
# 创建样式对象
style1 = xlwt.XFStyle()
style2 = xlwt.XFStyle()
style1.font = font
style2.alignment = alm
# write 方法参数1：行，参数2：列，参数3：内容
sh.write(0, 1, '姓名', style1)
sh.write(0, 2, '年龄', style1)
sh.write(1, 1, '张三')
sh.write(1, 2, 50, style2)
sh.write(2, 1, '李四')
sh.write(2, 2, 30, style2)
sh.write(3, 1, '王五')
sh.write(3, 2, 40, style2)
sh.write(4, 1, '赵六')
sh.write(4, 2, 60, style2)
sh.write(5, 0, '平均年龄', style1)
# 保存
wb.save('test.xls')

import xlsxwriter

​​​​​​​# 创建工作簿
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('test.xlsx')
# 创建表单
sh = workbook.add_worksheet('test')
fmt1 = workbook.add_format()
fmt2 = workbook.add_format()
# 字体加粗
fmt1.set_bold(True)
# 设置左对齐
fmt2.set_align('left')
# 数据
data = [
    ['', '姓名', '年龄'],
    ['', '张三', 50],
    ['', '李四', 30],
    ['', '王五', 40],
    ['', '赵六', 60],
    ['平均年龄', '', ]
]
sh.write_row('A1', data[0], fmt1)
sh.write_row('A2', data[1], fmt2)
sh.write_row('A3', data[2], fmt2)
sh.write_row('A4', data[3], fmt2)
sh.write_row('A5', data[4], fmt2)
sh.write_row('A6', data[5], fmt1)
chart = workbook.add_chart({
   
     'type': 'line'})
workbook.close()

import xlsxwriter

​​​​​​​# 创建工作簿
wk = xlsxwriter.Workbook('test.xlsx')
# 创建表单
sh = wk.add_worksheet('test')
fmt1 = wk.add_format()
fmt2 = wk.add_format()
# 字体加粗
fmt1.set_bold(True)
# 设置左对齐
fmt2.set_align('left')
# 数据
data = [
    ['', '姓名', '年龄'],
    ['', '张三', 50],
    ['', '李四', 30],
    ['', '王五', 40],
    ['', '赵六', 60],
    ['平均年龄', '', ]
]
sh.write_row('A1', data[0], fmt1)
sh.write_row('A2', data[1], fmt2)
sh.write_row('A3', data[2], fmt2)
sh.write_row('A4', data[3], fmt2)
sh.write_row('A5', data[4], fmt2)
sh.write_row('A6', data[5], fmt1)
'''
area：面积图
bar：直方图
column：柱状图
line：折线图
pie：饼图
doughnut：环形图
radar：雷达图
'''
chart = wk.add_chart({
   
     'type': 'line'})
# 创建图表
chart.add_series(
    {
   
     
        'name':'=test!$B$1',
        'categories':'=test!$B$2:$B$5',
        'values':   '=test!$C$2:$C$5'
    }
)
chart.set_title({
   
     'name':'用户年龄折线图'})
chart.set_x_axis({
   
     'name':'姓名'})
chart.set_y_axis({
   
     'name':'年龄'})
sh.insert_chart('A9', chart)
wk.close()

import xlrd

# 打开
wb = xlrd.open_workbook('test.xlsx')
print( 'sheet名称:', wb.sheet_names())
print( 'sheet数量:', wb.nsheets)
# 根据 sheet 索引获取 sheet
sh = wb.sheet_by_index(0)
# 根据 sheet 名称获取 sheet
# sh = wb.sheet_by_name('test')
print( u'sheet %s 有 %d 行' % (sh.name, sh.nrows))
print( u'sheet %s 有 %d 列' % (sh.name, sh.ncols))
print('第二行内容:', sh.row_values(1))
print('第三列内容:', sh.col_values(2))
print('第二行第三列的值为:', sh.cell_value(1, 2))
print('第二行第三列值的类型为:', type(sh.cell_value(1, 2)))

import xlrd, xlwt
from xlutils.copy import copy

def avg(list):
    sumv = 0
    for i in range(len(list)):
        sumv += list[i]
    return int(sumv / len(list))
# formatting_info 为 True 表示保留原格式
wb = xlrd.open_workbook('test.xls', formatting_info=True)
# 复制
wbc = copy(wb)
sh = wb.sheet_by_index(0)
age_list = sh.col_values(2)
age_list = age_list[1:len(age_list)-1]
avg_age = avg(age_list)
sh = wbc.get_sheet(0)
# 设置左对齐
alm = xlwt.Alignment()
alm.horz = 0x01
style = xlwt.XFStyle()
style.alignment = alm
sh.write(5, 2, avg_age, style)
wbc.save('test.xls')