Python中批量文件处理与自动化管理技巧分享

with open("example.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8") as file:
    content = file.read()
    print(content)

with open("example.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8") as file:
    file.write("Hello, Python 文件处理!")

with open("example.txt", "a", encoding="utf-8") as file:
    file.write("\n这是一行新追加的内容!")

import os
current_dir = os.getcwd()
print(f"当前工作目录: {current_dir}")

folder_path = "your_folder_path"  # 替换为目标目录
files = os.listdir(folder_path)
print(files)

os.makedirs("new_folder", exist_ok=True)

import os
 
folder_path = "your_folder_path"  # 替换为目标目录
files = os.listdir(folder_path)
 
for index, filename in enumerate(files, start=1):
    old_path = os.path.join(folder_path, filename)
    new_filename = f"new_{index}.txt"  # 添加前缀new_
    new_path = os.path.join(folder_path, new_filename)
    os.rename(old_path, new_path)
    print(f"{filename} -> {new_filename}")
 
print("批量重命名完成!")

import os
 
folder_path = "your_folder_path"  # 替换为目标目录
files = os.listdir(folder_path)
 
for filename in files:
    if filename.endswith(".txt"):  # 只修改.txt文件
        old_path = os.path.join(folder_path, filename)
        new_path = os.path.join(folder_path, filename.replace(".txt", ".md"))
        os.rename(old_path, new_path)
        print(f"{filename} -> {new_path}")
 
print("扩展名修改完成!")

import shutil
 
source_file = "example.txt"
destination_folder = "backup/"
shutil.copy(source_file, destination_folder)
print("文件复制完成!")

import shutil
 
source_folder = "my_folder"
destination_folder = "backup_folder"
shutil.copytree(source_folder, destination_folder)
print("文件夹复制完成!")

import shutil
 
source_file = "example.txt"
destination_folder = "moved_folder/"
shutil.move(source_file, destination_folder)
print("文件移动完成!")

import os
import shutil
 
folder_path = "your_folder_path"  # 替换为目标目录
# 定义分类目录
categories = {
    "图片": [".jpg", ".png", ".jpeg", ".gif"],
    "文档": [".pdf", ".docx", ".txt", ".xlsx"],
    "视频": [".mp4", ".avi", ".mkv"],
    "音乐": [".mp3", ".wav"]
}
 
# 遍历文件夹内的文件
for filename in os.listdir(folder_path):
    file_path = os.path.join(folder_path, filename)
    if os.path.isfile(file_path):  # 只处理文件,忽略文件夹
        file_ext = os.path.splitext(filename)[1].lower()  # 获取文件扩展名
        # 匹配分类
        for category, extensions in categories.items():
            if file_ext in extensions:
                category_folder = os.path.join(folder_path, category)
                # 如果分类文件夹不存在,就创建
                os.makedirs(category_folder, exist_ok=True)
                # 移动文件到分类文件夹
                shutil.move(file_path, os.path.join(category_folder, filename))
                break  # 找到匹配的分类后跳出循环

import hashlib
import os
 
def get_file_hash(file_path):
    hash_object = hashlib.sha256()
    with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
        while True:
            data = f.read(8192)
            if not data:
                break
            hash_object.update(data)
    return hash_object.hexdigest()
 
folder_path = "your_folder_path"  # 替换为你的文件夹路径
file_hashes = {}
duplicate_files = []
 
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(folder_path):
    for file in files:
        file_path = os.path.join(root, file)
        file_hash = get_file_hash(file_path)
        if file_hash in file_hashes:
            duplicate_files.append(file_path)
        else:
            file_hashes[file_hash] = file_path
 
# 删除重复文件
for file in duplicate_files:
    os.remove(file)
    print(f"已删除的文件: {file}")