Python脚本实现获取IP地址

import socket
import requests
import json
import time
from datetime import datetime

import socket
import requests
import json
import time
from datetime import datetime
 
 
def get_external_ipv4():
    """获取外网IPv4地址"""
    apis = [
        {
            'url': 'https://api.ipify.org?format=json',
            'timeout': 5,
            'headers': {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'},
            'json': True,
            'key': 'ip'
        },
        {
            'url': 'https://api4.ipify.org?format=json',
            'timeout': 5,
            'headers': {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'},
            'json': True,
            'key': 'ip'
        },
        {
            'url': 'https://ipv4.icanhazip.com',
            'timeout': 5,
            'headers': {'User-Agent': 'curl/7.64.1'}
        }
    ]
 
    for api in apis:
        try:
            print(f"尝试从 {api['url']} 获取外网IPv4...")
            response = requests.get(
                url=api['url'],
                timeout=api['timeout'],
                headers=api['headers']
            )
 
            if response.status_code == 200:
                if api.get('json'):
                    data = response.json()
                    return data[api['key']]
                else:
                    return response.text.strip()
 
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"当前接口请求失败: {str(e)}")
            continue
 
    return "无法获取IPv4地址"
 
 
def get_external_ipv6():
    """获取外网IPv6地址"""
    apis = [
        {
            'url': 'https://api6.ipify.org?format=json',
            'timeout': 5,
            'headers': {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'},
            'json': True,
            'key': 'ip'
        },
        {
            'url': 'https://ipv6.icanhazip.com',
            'timeout': 5,
            'headers': {'User-Agent': 'curl/7.64.1'}
        }
    ]
 
    for api in apis:
        try:
            print(f"尝试从 {api['url']} 获取外网IPv6...")
            response = requests.get(
                url=api['url'],
                timeout=api['timeout'],
                headers=api['headers']
            )
 
            if response.status_code == 200:
                if api.get('json'):
                    data = response.json()
                    return data[api['key']]
                else:
                    return response.text.strip()
 
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"当前接口请求失败: {str(e)}")
            continue
 
    return "无法获取IPv6地址"
 
 
def get_internal_ips():
    """获取内网IP地址（同时获取IPv4和IPv6）"""
    internal_ips = {'ipv4': [], 'ipv6': []}
 
    try:
        # 获取所有网络接口的所有IP
        hostname = socket.gethostname()
        addrs = socket.getaddrinfo(hostname, None)
 
        for addr in addrs:
            ip = addr[4][0]
            # 判断是否为IPv6地址
            if ':' in ip:
                if not ip.startswith('fe80:') and not ip.startswith('::1'):
                    if ip not in internal_ips['ipv6']:
                        internal_ips['ipv6'].append(ip)
            else:
                if not ip.startswith('127.'):
                    if ip not in internal_ips['ipv4']:
                        internal_ips['ipv4'].append(ip)
 
        # 使用备用方法获取IPv4
        if not internal_ips['ipv4']:
            try:
                s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
                s.connect(("8.8.8.8", 80))
                ip = s.getsockname()[0]
                s.close()
                if ip not in internal_ips['ipv4']:
                    internal_ips['ipv4'].append(ip)
            except:
                pass
 
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"获取内网IP出错: {str(e)}")
 
    return internal_ips
 
 
def save_to_file(data):
    """保存信息到文件"""
    try:
        with open('../办公与多媒体/ip_info.txt', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write(f"\n{'=' * 50}\n")
            f.write(f"检测时间: {datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}\n")
            f.write(f"主机名: {data['hostname']}\n\n")
 
            f.write("内网IPv4地址:\n")
            for ip in data['internal_ipv4']:
                f.write(f"  - {ip}\n")
 
            f.write("\n内网IPv6地址:\n")
            for ip in data['internal_ipv6']:
                f.write(f"  - {ip}\n")
 
            f.write(f"\n外网IPv4: {data['external_ipv4']}\n")
            f.write(f"外网IPv6: {data['external_ipv6']}\n")
            f.write(f"{'=' * 50}\n")
 
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"保存文件时出错: {str(e)}")
 
 
def main():
    try:
        print("开始获取网络信息...\n")
 
        # 获取主机名
        hostname = socket.gethostname()
        print(f"主机名: {hostname}\n")
 
        # 获取内网IP
        internal_ips = get_internal_ips()
        print("内网IPv4地址:")
        for ip in internal_ips['ipv4']:
            print(f"  - {ip}")
 
        print("\n内网IPv6地址:")
        for ip in internal_ips['ipv6']:
            print(f"  - {ip}")
 
        # 获取外网IP
        print("\n正在获取外网IP...")
        external_ipv4 = get_external_ipv4()
        external_ipv6 = get_external_ipv6()
 
        print(f"\n外网IPv4: {external_ipv4}")
        print(f"外网IPv6: {external_ipv6}")
 
        # 保存信息到文件
        data = {
            'hostname': hostname,
            'internal_ipv4': internal_ips['ipv4'],
            'internal_ipv6': internal_ips['ipv6'],
            'external_ipv4': external_ipv4,
            'external_ipv6': external_ipv6
        }
        save_to_file(data)
        print("\n信息已保存到 ip_info.txt 文件")
 
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"程序执行出错: {str(e)}")
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 确保已安装requests库
    # pip install requests
 
    main()
 
    # 等待用户按键退出
    input("\n按回车键退出...")