Python实现OpenCV中文路径图片读写的详细指南

img = cv2.imread("摄影作品/故宫雪景.jpg")  # 返回None无报错
cv2.imwrite("输出/北京夜景.jpg", img)     # 静默失败无输出

import cv2
import numpy as np

def read_image_chinese(path):
    """安全读取中文路径图片"""
    try:
        with open(path, "rb") as f:
            return cv2.imdecode(np.frombuffer(f.read(), np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"读取失败: {str(e)}")
        return None

# 使用示例
img = read_image_chinese("测试数据集/故宫雪景.jpg")

import cv2
import numpy as np

img = cv2.imdecode(np.fromfile("./中文路径/test.jpg", dtype=np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)
cv2.namedWindow("img", cv2.WINDOW_NORMAL)
cv2.imshow("img", img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
print("read success")

def write_image_chinese(save_path, img):
    """保存图片到中文路径"""
    try:
        # 提取扩展名
        ext = save_path.split(".")[-1]
        
        # 检测扩展名合法性
        if ext.lower() not in ["jpg", "png", "bmp"]:
            raise ValueError("不支持的图片格式")

        # 内存编码后写入
        with open(save_path, "wb") as f:
            ret, buf = cv2.imencode(f".{ext}", img)
            if ret:
                f.write(buf.tobytes())
                return True
            return False
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"保存失败: {str(e)}")
        return False

# 读取图片
img = read_image_chinese("原始图片/北京夜景.jpg")

# 处理图片（示例：调整亮度）
processed_img = cv2.convertScaleAbs(img, alpha=1.2, beta=0)

# 保存到中文路径
write_image_chinese("处理结果/增强版夜景.jpg", processed_img)

import os

def batch_process(input_dir, output_dir):
    """批量处理中文路径图片"""
    if not os.path.exists(output_dir):
        os.makedirs(output_dir)
    
    for filename in os.listdir(input_dir):
        # 读取文件
        input_path = os.path.join(input_dir, filename)
        img = read_image_chinese(input_path)
        
        if img is not None:
            # 示例处理：转为灰度图
            processed = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
            
            # 构造输出路径
            output_path = os.path.join(output_dir, f"灰度_{filename}")
            
            # 保存结果
            write_image_chinese(output_path, processed)

import platform

def universal_imread(path):
    """自动适应平台的文件读取"""
    if platform.system() == "Windows":
        # Windows特殊处理
        return read_image_chinese(path)
    else:
        # Linux/Mac直接尝试原始读取
        try:
            return cv2.imread(path)
        except:
            return read_image_chinese(path)

def read_large_image(path, chunk_size=1024):
    buffer = bytearray()
    with open(path, "rb") as f:
        while True:
            chunk = f.read(chunk_size)
            if not chunk:
                break
            buffer.extend(chunk)
    return cv2.imdecode(np.frombuffer(buffer, np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)

def safe_imread(path):
    img = read_image_chinese(path)
    if img is not None:
        img.flags.writeable = False
    return img