Python实现Microsoft Office自动化的几种方式及对比详解

import win32com.client as win32

# Word自动化示例
word = win32.Dispatch('Word.Application')
word.Visible = True  # 显示界面
doc = word.Documents.Add()
doc.Content.Text = "Hello, World!"
doc.SaveAs(r'C:\test.docx')
word.Quit()

# Excel自动化示例
excel = win32.Dispatch('Excel.Application')
excel.Visible = True
wb = excel.Workbooks.Add()
ws = wb.ActiveSheet
ws.Range('A1').Value = "数据报表"
ws.Range('A2').Value = 12345
wb.SaveAs(r'C:\report.xlsx')
excel.Quit()

from docx import Document

doc = Document()
doc.add_heading('合同文档', 0)
table = doc.add_table(rows=3, cols=2)
for row in table.rows:
    for cell in row.cells:
        cell.text = "条款内容"
doc.save('contract.docx')

from openpyxl import Workbook

wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws['A1'] = "销售数据"
ws.append([1, "产品A", 2999])
ws.merge_cells('A1:C1')
wb.save("sales_report.xlsx")

from pptx import Presentation

prs = Presentation()
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[1])
title = slide.shapes.title
title.text = "项目汇报"
content = slide.placeholders[1]
content.text = "• 季度总结\n• 下阶段计划"
prs.save('presentation.pptx')

excel.ScreenUpdating = False  # 执行批量操作前
# ...操作代码...
excel.ScreenUpdating = True   # 操作完成后恢复

try:
    doc = word.Documents.Open("invalid_path.docx")
except Exception as e:
    print(f"错误发生：{str(e)}")
    word.Quit()

# 设置Excel单元格格式
cell = ws['B2']
cell.number_format = '￥#,##0.00' 
cell.font = Font(name='微软雅黑', size=12, bold=True)

outlook = win32.Dispatch('Outlook.Application')
mail = outlook.CreateItem(0)
mail.To = "recipient@example.com"
mail.Subject = "自动化测试邮件"
mail.HTMLBody = "<b>重要通知</b> <br> 请查收附件"
mail.Attachments.Add(r'C:\report.pdf')
mail.Display()  # 使用.Send()直接发送

import psutil
def kill_process(process_name):
    for proc in psutil.process_iter():
        if proc.name() == process_name:
            proc.kill()

# 指定Office版本（以Excel 2016为例）
excel = win32.gencache.EnsureDispatch('Excel.Application.16')