Python中随机休眠技术原理与应用详解

import time
import random
 
# 生成1-5秒随机浮点数
random_time = random.uniform(1, 5)
print(f"即将休眠 {random_time:.2f} 秒")
time.sleep(random_time)
print("休眠结束，继续执行")

# 生成1-5秒随机整数
random_time = random.randint(1, 5)
print(f"整数版休眠 {random_time} 秒")
time.sleep(random_time)

import requests
 
def safe_crawler(url_list):
    for url in url_list:
        # 随机休眠3-8秒
        sleep_time = random.uniform(3, 8)
        print(f"访问 {url} 前休眠 {sleep_time:.1f} 秒")
        time.sleep(sleep_time)
        
        try:
            response = requests.get(url, timeout=10)
            # 处理响应...
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"请求失败: {str(e)}")

def simulate_user_behavior():
    # 模拟打开应用
    print("启动应用...")
    time.sleep(random.uniform(1, 3))
    
    # 模拟点击操作
    print("点击菜单项...")
    time.sleep(random.uniform(0.5, 2))
    
    # 模拟输入延迟
    print("输入搜索内容...")
    time.sleep(random.uniform(1, 4))

def api_request_with_throttle(api_url, max_calls=10):
    for i in range(max_calls):
        # 生成符合要求的间隔（如最小间隔1秒）
        interval = max(1, random.gauss(5, 1))  # 正态分布
        print(f"第 {i+1} 次调用，等待 {interval:.1f} 秒")
        time.sleep(interval)
        
        # 执行API调用...
        # response = requests.get(api_url)

def batch_task_scheduler(task_list, max_workers=5):
    from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
    
    def worker(task):
        # 随机延迟启动
        start_delay = random.uniform(0, 3)
        time.sleep(start_delay)
        # 执行任务...
        print(f"任务 {task} 开始执行")
    
    with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=max_workers) as executor:
        executor.map(worker, task_list)

base_time = 5  # 基础时间
jitter = random.uniform(-1, 1)  # ±1秒抖动
actual_time = base_time + jitter
print(f"实际休眠时间: {actual_time:.2f} 秒")
time.sleep(actual_time)

def exponential_backoff(max_retries=5):
    for attempt in range(max_retries):
        try:
            # 执行可能失败的操作...
            # response = requests.get(url)
            print("操作成功")
            return True
        except Exception as e:
            wait_time = min(2**attempt + random.uniform(0, 0.5), 30)
            print(f"第 {attempt+1} 次失败，等待 {wait_time:.1f} 秒后重试")
            time.sleep(wait_time)
    return False

import asyncio
 
async def async_worker():
    await asyncio.sleep(random.uniform(1, 3))
    print("异步任务完成")
 
async def main():
    await asyncio.gather(
        async_worker(),
        async_worker(),
        async_worker()
    )
 
asyncio.run(main())