Python中调试模块pdb与ipdb操作的全面指南

pip install ipdb

# 方式1：在代码中插入调试语句
import pdb; pdb.set_trace()

# 方式2：命令行启动
# python -m pdb script.py

# 方式1：在代码中插入调试语句
import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()

# 方式2：异常后自动进入调试
from ipdb import launch_ipdb_on_exception

with launch_ipdb_on_exception():
    # 你的代码
    pass

def calculate_sum(n):
    import pdb; pdb.set_trace()  # 或 ipdb.set_trace()
    total = 0
    for i in range(n):
        total += i
    return total

print(calculate_sum(5))

def process_data(data):
    result = []
    for item in data:
        import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
        if item > 10:  # 只想检查大于10的情况
            result.append(item * 2)
    return result

data = [5, 12, 8, 15, 3]
print(process_data(data))

from IPython.core.debugger import set_trace

def buggy_function(x, y):
    result = x / y  # 可能除零错误
    return result

try:
    buggy_function(5, 0)
except Exception:
    set_trace()  # 异常发生后进入调试

def func_a():
    x = 10
    func_b(x)

def func_b(arg):
    import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
    print(arg * 2)

func_a()

class ComplexObject:
    def __init__(self):
        self.value = 42
        self.name = "Debug"
        self.data = [1, 2, 3]

obj = ComplexObject()
import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()

import numpy as np
array = np.random.rand(5, 5)
import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()

def calculate(values):
    total = 0
    import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
    for v in values:
        total += v
    return total

data = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print(calculate(data))

# 快速检查变量值
def quick_check():
    x = 5
    import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
    y = x * 2
    return y

# 需要检查多个变量的复杂函数
def complex_analysis(data):
    import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
    results = []
    for item in data:
        processed = preprocess(item)
        analyzed = analyze(processed)
        results.append(analyzed)
    return results

# 调试 Pandas 或 NumPy 操作
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6]})
import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
result = df[df.A > 1].mean()

# 在可能出错的地方插入调试语句
def potential_bug(x):
    if x < 0:
        import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
    return x ** 0.5

# 捕获特定异常后进入调试
try:
    risky_operation()
except ValueError:
    import ipdb; ipdb.post_mortem()

# 使用装饰器自动调试
from functools import wraps

def debug_decorator(func):
    @wraps(func)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return func(*args, **kwargs)
        except:
            import ipdb; ipdb.post_mortem()
            raise
    return wrapper

from collections import defaultdict

def process_nested_data(data):
    import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
    result = defaultdict(list)
    for key, subdict in data.items():
        for subkey, value in subdict.items():
            result[key].append(value * 2)
    return result

sample = {'a': {'x': 1, 'y': 2}, 'b': {'z': 3}}
print(process_nested_data(sample))

# 远程调试方案
import socket
from IPython.core.debugger import Tracer

​​​​​​​def enable_remote_debugging(port=6000):
    """在指定端口开启远程调试会话"""
    try:
        from IPython.terminal.embed import InteractiveShellEmbed
        shell = InteractiveShellEmbed()
        def remote_debug(sock):
            old_stdout = sys.stdout
            try:
                sock.send(b"Debugging session started...\n")
                sys.stdout = sock.makefile('w')
                shell()
            finally:
                sys.stdout = old_stdout
                sock.close()
        
        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        s.bind(('0.0.0.0', port))
        s.listen(1)
        conn, addr = s.accept()
        remote_debug(conn)
    except ImportError:
        Tracer()()