Python如何使用FastAPI玩转文件上传功能

from fastapi import FastAPI, UploadFile, File

app = FastAPI()

​​​​​​​@app.post("/upload/")
async def upload_file(file: UploadFile = File(...)):  # 
    return {"filename": file.filename}

import shutil

​​​​​​​@app.post("/upload/")
async def upload_file(file: UploadFile = File(...)):
    with open(file.filename, "wb") as buffer:
        shutil.copyfileobj(file.file, buffer)  # 
    return {"status": "success"}

@app.post("/large-upload/")
async def large_upload(file: UploadFile):
    with open(file.filename, "wb") as f:
        while chunk := await file.read(1024 * 1024):  # 每次读取1MB
            f.write(chunk)  # 

@app.post("/meta-upload/")
async def meta_upload(file: UploadFile):
    return {
        "文件名": file.filename,
        "类型": file.content_type,  # 如image/png
        "大小": f"{file.size / 1024:.2f} KB"  # 
    }

@app.post("/multi-upload/")
async def multi_upload(files: list[UploadFile] = File(...)):  # 👈 注意list
    return {"count": len(files), "names": [f.filename for f in files]}

ALLOWED_TYPES = ["image/jpeg", "image/png"]

@app.post("/safe-upload/")
async def safe_upload(file: UploadFile):
    if file.content_type not in ALLOWED_TYPES:
        raise HTTPException(400, "仅支持JPG/PNG格式")  # 

@app.post("/size-limit/")
async def size_limit(
    file: UploadFile = File(..., max_size=100_000_000)  # 限制100MB
):
    ...  # 

import re

def sanitize_filename(filename: str) -> str:
    return re.sub(r"[^\w\.]", "", filename)  # 移除非法字符

# 使用：sanitized_name = sanitize_filename(file.filename)

import tempfile


@app.post("/temp-upload/")
async def temp_upload(file: UploadFile):
    with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False, suffix=".tmp") as tmp:
        shutil.copyfileobj(file.file, tmp)
        tmp_path = tmp.name  # 获取临时文件路径
    # ...后续处理

curl -X POST "http://localhost:8000/upload/" \
  -H "Content-Type: multipart/form-data" \
  -F "file=@cat.jpg"  # 

import requests
url = "http://localhost:8000/upload/"
files = {"file": open("cat.jpg", "rb")}
response = requests.post(url, files=files)  # 

@app.post("/upload/", 
    summary="上传文件",
    description="支持图片/文档，最大100MB",
    response_description="返回文件名和大小"
)
async def upload_file(...): ...

import uuid
filename = f"{uuid.uuid4()}_{file.filename}"

from pathlib import Path
save_path = Path("uploads") / sanitize_filename(file.filename)