Python使用Selenium进行Web自动化的全过程

# Debian/Ubuntu
sudo apt-get install python3 python3-pip

# MacOS (使用 Homebrew)
brew install python

pip install selenium

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import time

# 指定 ChromeDriver 的路径
service = Service(executable_path='/path/to/chromedriver')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)

# 打开目标网站
driver.get('https://www.example.com')

# 等待页面加载完成（可根据需要调整时间）
time.sleep(2)

# 关闭浏览器
driver.quit()

# 定位元素（通过 ID）
element = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'search-input')

# 输入文本
element.send_keys('Hello, Selenium!')

# 提交表单
element.submit()

element = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'username')
element.send_keys('admin')

button = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//button[text()="Submit"]')
button.click()

from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains

element = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'menu-item')
actions = ActionChains(driver)
actions.move_to_element(element).perform()

# 填写用户名
username = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'username')
username.send_keys('admin')

# 填写密码
password = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'password')
password.send_keys('123456')

# 点击登录按钮
login_button = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//button[text()="Login"]')
login_button.click()

# 等待页面跳转（可根据需要调整时间）
time.sleep(2)

# 切换到模态框
modal = driver.switch_to.alert

# 获取弹窗文本
text = modal.text
print(text)

# 点击确认按钮
modal.accept()

# 或者点击取消按钮（如果有的话）
modal.dismiss()

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

# 等待目标元素可见
element = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
    EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, 'dynamic-content'))
)

# 执行后续操作
element.click()

# 定位文件上传输入框
upload_input = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//input[@type="file"]')

# 上传文件（指定文件路径）
upload_input.send_keys('/path/to/file.txt')

from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

# 配置 Chrome 下载选项
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('prefs', {
    'download.default_directory': '/path/to/download',
})

driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service, options=chrome_options)

# 点击下载按钮
download_button = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//a[text()="Download"]')
download_button.click()

import unittest
from selenium import webdriver

class TestExample(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    
    def test_search(self):
        self.driver.get('https://www.example.com')
        search_input = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, 'search-input')
        search_input.send_keys('test')
        search_input.submit()
        
        time.sleep(2)
        assert 'test' in self.driver.page_source
    
    def tearDown(self):
        self.driver.quit()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()