python生成随机唯一id的几种实现方法

import uuid

# 生成版本 4 的随机 UUID（最常用）
unique_id = uuid.uuid4()
print(unique_id)  # 输出: f47ac10b-58cc-4372-a567-0e02b2c3d479
print(str(unique_id))  # 转换为字符串

# 生成版本 1 的 UUID（基于时间戳和 MAC 地址）
timestamp_id = uuid.uuid1()
print(timestamp_id)

# 生成紧凑的 22 字符 URL 安全 ID
url_safe_id = uuid.uuid4().urn[9:]  # 去掉 'urn:uuid:' 前缀
print(url_safe_id)  # 输出: f47ac10b58cc4372a5670e02b2c3d479

import secrets
import string

# 生成 16 字节的随机 ID
secure_id = secrets.token_urlsafe(16)  # 24 字符的 URL 安全字符串
print(secure_id)  # 输出类似: Drmhze6EPcv0fN_81Bj-nA

# 自定义格式 ID
def generate_custom_id(length=16):
    alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits
    return ''.join(secrets.choice(alphabet) for _ in range(length))

custom_id = generate_custom_id()
print(custom_id)  # 输出类似: aB3dEfG7hIj9KlMn

import time
import random
import string

def timestamp_random_id():
    # 获取毫秒级时间戳
    millis = int(time.time() * 1000)
    # 生成 6 位随机字符串
    rand_str = ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits, k=6))
    return f"{millis}-{rand_str}"

print(timestamp_random_id())  # 输出: 1710000000000-AB3D9F

# 需要先安装: pip install shortuuid
import shortuuid

# 生成 22 字符的短 UUID
short_id = shortuuid.uuid()
print(short_id)  # 输出类似: vytxeTZskVKR7C7WgdSP3d

# 自定义长度 (8-22 字符)
custom_short_id = shortuuid.ShortUUID().random(length=10)
print(custom_short_id)  # 输出类似: 5x4H3dK7Yt

import random
import string

# 模拟数据库自增 ID
global_counter = 1000

def distributed_id():
    global global_counter
    global_counter += 1
    # 添加 4 位随机后缀防止冲突
    suffix = ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits, k=4))
    return f"{global_counter:08d}-{suffix}"

print(distributed_id())  # 输出: 00001001-a3b7

import socket
import time

machine_id = socket.gethostname().hash() % 1000  # 简化的机器标识
sequence = 0

def high_concurrency_id():
    global sequence
    sequence = (sequence + 1) % 10000
    millis = int(time.time() * 1000)
    return f"{millis}{machine_id:04d}{sequence:04d}"

import random

def human_friendly_id():
    adjectives = ['Red', 'Happy', 'Swift', 'Brave', 'Calm']
    nouns = ['Tiger', 'Eagle', 'River', 'Mountain', 'Star']
    number = random.randint(1000, 9999)
    return f"{random.choice(adjectives)}{random.choice(nouns)}{number}"

print(human_friendly_id())  # 输出: HappyEagle5678