Python进行SHA-1加密的实现方法及安全实践

import hashlib

def sha1_encrypt_string(input_str: str) -> str:
    """对字符串进行SHA-1加密"""
    sha1 = hashlib.sha1()
    sha1.update(input_str.encode('utf-8'))  # 必须转换为字节数据
    return sha1.hexdigest()

# 示例
print(sha1_encrypt_string("Hello World"))  # 输出：2ef7bde608ce5404e97d5f042f95f89f1c232871

def sha1_encrypt_file(file_path: str) -> str:
    """计算文件的SHA-1哈希值"""
    sha1 = hashlib.sha1()
    with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
        while chunk := f.read(8192):  # 每次读取8KB
            sha1.update(chunk)
    return sha1.hexdigest()

# 示例
print(sha1_encrypt_file("large_file.zip"))

import os
import hashlib

def sha1_encrypt_with_salt(password: str) -> (str, str):
    """带盐值的SHA-1加密"""
    salt = os.urandom(16).hex()  # 生成16字节随机盐
    salted_data = salt.encode() + password.encode('utf-8')
    
    sha1 = hashlib.sha1()
    sha1.update(salted_data)
    return sha1.hexdigest(), salt

# 示例
hashed, salt = sha1_encrypt_with_salt("Password123")
print(f"盐值：{salt}\n哈希值：{hashed}")

def streaming_sha1(file_path: str) -> str:
    sha1 = hashlib.sha1()
    with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
        for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(4096), b''):
            sha1.update(chunk)
    return sha1.hexdigest()