Python根据Windows窗口截图的几种实现方法

from PIL import ImageGrab

# 截取整个屏幕
screenshot = ImageGrab.grab()
screenshot.save("full_screen.png")

# 截取指定区域（左上角坐标+宽高）
crop_area = (100, 100, 500, 400)  # left, top, right, bottom
cropped = ImageGrab.grab(bbox=crop_area)
cropped.save("partial_screen.png")

pip install pywin32

import win32gui
from PIL import ImageGrab

# 获取窗口句柄
hwnd = win32gui.FindWindow(None, "记事本")  # 窗口标题

# 获取窗口位置和尺寸
left, top, right, bot = win32gui.GetWindowRect(hwnd)
width = right - left
height = bot - top

# 截取窗口区域
img = ImageGrab.grab(bbox=(left, top, right, bot))
img.save("window_screenshot.png")

pip install mss

import mss

with mss.mss() as sct:
    # 截取指定显示器编号的屏幕
    monitor = sct.monitors[1]
    sct_img = sct.grab(monitor)
    mss.tools.to_png(sct_img.rgb, sct_img.size, output="mss_screenshot.png")

import win32gui
import win32ui
import win32con
from PIL import Image

hwnd = win32gui.FindWindow(None, "计算器")

# 创建设备上下文
hdc = win32gui.GetDC(hwnd)
mdc = win32gui.CreateCompatibleDC(hdc)

# 获取窗口尺寸
left, top, right, bot = win32gui.GetWindowRect(hwnd)
w, h = right - left, bot - top

# 创建位图
bitmap = win32ui.CreateBitmap()
bitmap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc, w, h)
win32gui.SelectObject(mdc, bitmap.GetHandle())

# 复制屏幕区域
win32gui.BitBlt(mdc, 0, 0, w, h, hdc, 0, 0, win32con.SRCCOPY)

# 保存为图片
bmp_info = bitmap.GetInfo()
bmp_str = bitmap.GetBitmapBits(True)
pil_img = Image.frombuffer(
    'RGB',
    (bmp_info['bmWidth'], bmp_info['bmHeight']),
    bmp_str,
    'raw',
    'BGRX',
    0,
    1
)
pil_img.save("hidden_window.png")

# 释放资源
win32gui.DeleteObject(bitmap.GetHandle())
win32gui.DeleteDC(mdc)
win32gui.ReleaseDC(hwnd, hdc)