Python通过uv进行虚拟环境管理的完整指南

curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh

powershell -c "irm https://astral.sh/uv/install.ps1 | iex"

pip install uv

# 设置清华镜像源
export UV_INDEX_URL=https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
export UV_EXTRA_INDEX_URL=https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

# 或者设置阿里云镜像源
export UV_INDEX_URL=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
export UV_EXTRA_INDEX_URL=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

mkdir -p ~/.config/uv

vim ~/.config/uv/uv.toml

[[index]]
url = "https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/"
default = true

uv init my-project  --python 3.10

uv venv --python 3.10

uv venv

source .venv/bin/activate

deactivate

uv add requests

uv add pandas numpy matplotlib

uv add "django==4.2.0"

uv add -r requirements.txt

uv add --dev pytest black flake8

uv sync

uv sync --group dev

uv sync --all-groups

[project]
dependencies = [
    "matplotlib>=3.10.7",  # 生产必需
    "numpy>=2.2.6",        # 生产必需
]

[dependency-groups]
dev = [                    # 开发工具
    "black>=25.9.0",
    "pytest>=8.4.2",
]
test = [                   # 测试专用
    "pytest-cov>=5.0.0",
]
docs = [                   # 文档生成
    "sphinx>=7.0.0",
]

uv remove requests

uv remove pandas numpy

uv remove --dev pytest

uv sync --upgrade

uv add "requests --upgrade"

uv tree

uv pip freeze