Python结合FFmpeg实现为视频添加内嵌字幕SRT的完整教程

ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i subtitle.srt -c:v copy -c:a copy -c:s mov_text output.mp4

ffmpeg -version

import subprocess
import os
import sys

def validate_file(file_path, file_type="file"):
    """验证文件是否存在"""
    if not os.path.exists(file_path):
        raise FileNotFoundError(f"{file_type.capitalize()} 文件不存在: {file_path}")
    print(f"{file_type.capitalize()} 已验证: {file_path}")
    return True


def merge_video_with_subtitles(video_path, srt_path, output_path):
    """使用 FFmpeg 将视频与 SRT 字幕合并"""

    # 1. 验证输入文件
    validate_file(video_path, "video")
    validate_file(srt_path, "subtitle")

    # 2. FFmpeg 指令
    ffmpeg_cmd = [
        'ffmpeg',
        '-i', video_path,     # 输入视频
        '-i', srt_path,       # 输入字幕
        '-c:v', 'copy',       # 视频无损copy
        '-c:a', 'copy',       # 音频无损copy
        '-c:s', 'mov_text',   # 字幕转换为 mp4 可识别格式
        '-metadata:s:s:0', 'language=chi',  # 字幕语言设置为中文
        output_path
    ]

    # 强制字幕按 UTF-8 解码（避免乱码）
    ffmpeg_cmd.insert(3, '-sub_charenc')
    ffmpeg_cmd.insert(4, 'UTF-8')

    try:
        # 3. 调用 FFmpeg 进行处理
        result = subprocess.run(
            ffmpeg_cmd,
            check=True,
            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
            stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
            text=True
        )
        print(f"成功生成视频: {output_path}")
        print(result.stdout)

    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
        print(f"FFmpeg 处理失败: {e.stderr}")
        raise
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"运行 FFmpeg 时发生异常: {e}")
        raise


def main():
    # 输入文件路径（可自行修改）
    video_path = r"SS.online_Gesture Drawing Practice _ 20 and 40 sec. poses_1080p.mp4"
    srt_path = r"SS.online_Gesture Drawing Practice _ 20 and 40 sec. poses_1080p.srt"
    output_path = "output.mp4"

    # 合并视频 + 字幕
    merge_video_with_subtitles(video_path, srt_path, output_path)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    try:
        main()
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"程序错误: {e}")
        sys.exit(1)

python merge.py

output.mp4

-sub_charenc UTF-8

-c:v copy -c:a copy

import json
import math
import os

for doc in os.listdir():    # 遍历当前文件夹的所有文件
    file = ''  # 这个变量用来保存数据
    i = 1
    if (doc[-4:] == 'json'):    # 若是json文件则进行处理
        name = doc[:-5]     # 提取文件名
        # 将此处文件位置进行修改，加上utf-8是为了避免处理中文时报错
        with open(doc, encoding='utf-8') as f:
            datas = json.load(f)  # 加载文件数据
            f.close()
        for data in datas:
            start = data['from']  # 获取开始时间
            stop = data['to']  # 获取结束时间
            content = data['content']  # 获取字幕内容
            file += '{}\n'.format(i)  # 加入序号
            hour = math.floor(start) // 3600
            minute = (math.floor(start) - hour * 3600) // 60
            sec = math.floor(start) - hour * 3600 - minute * 60
            minisec = int(math.modf(start)[0] * 100)  # 处理开始时间
            file += str(hour).zfill(2) + ':' + str(minute).zfill(2) + ':' + str(sec).zfill(2) + ',' + str(minisec).zfill(2)  # 将数字填充0并按照格式写入
            file += ' --> '
            hour = math.floor(stop) // 3600
            minute = (math.floor(stop) - hour * 3600) // 60
            sec = math.floor(stop) - hour * 3600 - minute * 60
            minisec = abs(int(math.modf(stop)[0] * 100 - 1))  # 此处减1是为了防止两个字幕同时出现
            file += str(hour).zfill(2) + ':' + str(minute).zfill(2) + ':' + str(sec).zfill(2) + ',' + str(minisec).zfill(2)
            file += '\n' + content + '\n\n'  # 加入字幕文字
            i += 1
        with open('./{}.srt'.format(name), 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write(file)  # 将数据写入文件
            f.close()