Python3使用win32com从Excel读取数据生成Word格式报告批量发邮件的示例详解

pip install pywin32

import win32com.client

import win32com.client

excel = win32com.client.Dispatch("Excel.Application")
excel.Visible = True  # 可见 Excel 窗口（方便调试／查看效果）

workbook = excel.Workbooks.Add()
sheet = workbook.Worksheets(1)

sheet.Cells(1, 1).Value = "Hello"
sheet.Cells(1, 2).Value = "World"
sheet.Cells(2, 1).Value = "Python"
sheet.Cells(2, 2).Value = "win32com"

workbook.SaveAs(r"C:\path\to\your\file.xlsx")
workbook.Close(False)
excel.Quit()

import win32com.client

word = win32com.client.Dispatch("Word.Application")
word.Visible = True

doc = word.Documents.Add()
rng = doc.Range(0, 0)
rng.Text = "这是由 python + win32com 自动生成的 Word 文档内容。\n"

doc.SaveAs(r"C:\path\to\your\file.docx")
doc.Close(False)
word.Quit()

import win32com.client
import pythoncom
import os
import sys

def main():
    try:
        excel = win32com.client.DispatchEx("Excel.Application")
        excel.Visible = False
        excel.DisplayAlerts = False

        wb = excel.Workbooks.Add()
        sheet = wb.Worksheets(1)
        sheet.Name = "Data"

        # 写一些示例数据
        for i in range(1, 6):
            sheet.Cells(i, 1).Value = f"Row {i}"
            sheet.Cells(i, 2).Value = i * 10

        # 假设你有一个 VBA 宏模块，想插入并运行
        # 例如，导出数据、生成图表、格式化等
        # wb.VBProject.VBComponents.Add(...)  # 插入模块
        # wb.Application.Run("YourMacroName")

        out_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "output.xlsx")
        wb.SaveAs(out_path)
        print("Saved to", out_path)
    except Exception as e:
        print("Error:", e)
    finally:
        try:
            wb.Close(False)
        except Exception:
            pass
        try:
            excel.Quit()
        except Exception:
            pass

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 在一些环境下，多线程或脚本打包需要初始化 COM
    pythoncom.CoInitialize()
    main()
    pythoncom.CoUninitialize()

pip install pywin32
```:contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}  

import os
import win32com.client
import pythoncom  # 如果在脚本 / 多线程 /定时任务中运行，推荐初始化 COM

def make_word_report(data_rows, output_docx_path):
    """
    data_rows: list of dict，每个 dict 对应一行，key 是列名
    output_docx_path: Word 文档保存路径
    """
    word = win32com.client.Dispatch("Word.Application")
    word.Visible = False
    doc = word.Documents.Add()

    # 写入标题
    doc.Content.InsertAfter("自动生成报告\n")
    doc.Content.InsertAfter("====================\n\n")

    # 写入表格／数据（简单示例）
    for row in data_rows:
        # 假设 row 是 dict，按顺序写
        line = ", ".join(f"{k}: {v}" for k, v in row.items())
        doc.Content.InsertAfter(line + "\n")

    doc.SaveAs(output_docx_path)
    doc.Close(False)
    word.Quit()


def read_excel_data(excel_path, sheet_name=None):
    """
    简单读取 Excel，通过 COM 控件，也可以用 pandas/openpyxl，再包装成 dict list
    这里假设你能用其他方式读取 Excel，示例用 pandas 更方便
    """
    import pandas as pd
    df = pd.read_excel(excel_path, sheet_name=sheet_name)
    df = df.fillna("")  # 可选：替换空值
    records = df.to_dict(orient="records")
    return records


def send_email_with_attachment(to_email, subject, body, attachment_paths=None):
    outlook = win32com.client.Dispatch("Outlook.Application")
    mail = outlook.CreateItem(0)  # 0 表示 olMailItem
    mail.To = to_email
    mail.Subject = subject
    mail.Body = body
    if attachment_paths:
        for path in attachment_paths:
            if os.path.exists(path):
                mail.Attachments.Add(path)
            else:
                print(f"[Warning] 附件文件不存在: {path}")
    mail.Send()


def main():
    pythoncom.CoInitialize()

    # --- 配置区 ---
    excel_path = r"C:\path\to\your\data.xlsx"
    word_report_path = r"C:\path\to\your\report.docx"
    recipient = "recipient@example.com"
    email_subject = "自动生成报告 - " + os.path.basename(word_report_path)
    email_body = "你好，\n\n请查收自动生成的报告。如有问题，请回复。\n\nRegards."

    # 1. 读取 Excel
    data = read_excel_data(excel_path)

    # 2. 生成 Word 报告
    make_word_report(data, word_report_path)

    # 3. 发送邮件（带上 Word 报告作为附件）
    send_email_with_attachment(
        to_email=recipient,
        subject=email_subject,
        body=email_body,
        attachment_paths=[word_report_path]
    )

    pythoncom.CoUninitialize()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

import os
import traceback
import pandas as pd
import win32com.client
import pythoncom
from pathlib import Path

# --- 配置区 ---
EXCEL_DATA_FILE = r"C:\path\to\your\recipients_and_data.xlsx"
OUTPUT_DIR = r"C:\path\to\output"   # 存放生成的附件、报告等
LOG_FILE = os.path.join(OUTPUT_DIR, "send_mail.log")

EMAIL_COLUMN = "email"      # Excel 表格中收件人邮箱地址所在列名
CC_COLUMN = "cc"            # 可选：抄送人列名（若无，可设为 None）
SUBJECT_COLUMN = "subject"  # 邮件主题列名
BODY_COLUMN = "body_html"   # 邮件 HTML 正文列名（可设 body_text 替代纯文本）
ATTACHMENT_COLUMN = "attachment_path"  
# 如果每行有自己附件路径，可放在这一列；也可以留空，然后你自己动态生成

# --- 辅助函数 ---
def log(msg):
    with open(LOG_FILE, 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        f.write(msg + "\n")
    print(msg)

def ensure_folder(path: str):
    if not os.path.isdir(path):
        os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True)

def read_data():
    df = pd.read_excel(EXCEL_DATA_FILE, dtype=str)
    df = df.fillna("")  # 将 NaN 转为空字符串
    return df.to_dict(orient="records")

def create_custom_attachment(row: dict) -> str:
    """
    如果你希望根据每行数据生成自定义附件（Excel、Word、PDF...等），
    在这里实现生成逻辑，并返回文件路径；若已有附件路径，可直接返回 row[ATTACHMENT_COLUMN]
    """
    # 示例：假设已有附件路径
    path = row.get(ATTACHMENT_COLUMN, "").strip()
    if path and os.path.isfile(path):
        return path
    # 否则 —— 举例，生成一个简单 txt 报告
    fn = os.path.join(OUTPUT_DIR, f"report_for_{row.get('id', '')}.txt")
    with open(fn, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        f.write("Report for: " + row.get(EMAIL_COLUMN, "") + "\n")
        # 根据实际字段写内容
        for k, v in row.items():
            f.write(f"{k} = {v}\n")
    return fn

def send_mail_via_outlook(to_addr: str, subject: str, body_html: str,
                          cc_addr: str = None, attachments: list = None,
                          send_on_behalf: str = None):
    outlook = win32com.client.Dispatch("Outlook.Application")
    mail = outlook.CreateItem(0)  # 0 = olMailItem
    mail.To = to_addr
    if cc_addr:
        mail.CC = cc_addr
    if send_on_behalf:
        mail.SentOnBehalfOfName = send_on_behalf  # 使用指定发件邮箱（如有权限）
    mail.Subject = subject
    # 设置 html 正文
    mail.BodyFormat = 2  # 2 = HTML
    mail.HTMLBody = body_html
    # 添加附件
    if attachments:
        for fp in attachments:
            if os.path.isfile(fp):
                mail.Attachments.Add(fp)
            else:
                log(f"[WARN] 附件不存在: {fp}")
    mail.Send()

def main():
    pythoncom.CoInitialize()
    ensure_folder(OUTPUT_DIR)
    data_rows = read_data()
    log("开始处理，共 {} 行".format(len(data_rows)))

    success = 0
    fail = 0

    for idx, row in enumerate(data_rows, start=1):
        try:
            to_addr = row.get(EMAIL_COLUMN, "").strip()
            if not to_addr:
                log(f"[SKIP #{idx}] 收件人地址为空，跳过")
                continue

            subject = row.get(SUBJECT_COLUMN, "（无主题）")
            body_html = row.get(BODY_COLUMN, "")
            cc_addr = row.get(CC_COLUMN, "").strip() or None

            # 准备附件
            att = create_custom_attachment(row)
            attachments = [att] if att else None

            send_mail_via_outlook(to_addr=to_addr,
                                  subject=subject,
                                  body_html=body_html,
                                  cc_addr=cc_addr,
                                  attachments=attachments)

            log(f"[OK #{idx}] 发送邮件 到: {to_addr}, 附件: {attachments}")
            success += 1
        except Exception as e:
            log(f"[ERROR #{idx}] 收件人: {row.get(EMAIL_COLUMN)} 异常: {e}\n" + traceback.format_exc())
            fail += 1

    log(f"完成。成功: {success}, 失败: {fail}")
    pythoncom.CoUninitialize()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()