Python处理表格dataframe时实现行转列和列转行的方法

import pandas as pd

# 创建一个DataFrame
df = pd.DataFrame({
    'name': ['John', 'Mary', 'Peter'],
    'math': [80, 90, 70],
    'english': [70, 85, 90],
    'science': [75, 95, 80]
})

    name  math  english  science
0   John    80       70       75
1   Mary    90       85       95
2  Peter    70       90       80

# 使用melt函数将行转列
df_melt = pd.melt(df, id_vars=['name'], var_name='subject', value_name='score')

print(df_pivot)

    name  subject  score
0   John     math     80
1   Mary     math     90
2  Peter     math     70
3   John  english     70
4   Mary  english     85
5  Peter  english     90
6   John  science     75
7   Mary  science     95
8  Peter  science     80

# 使用pivot函数再将行转列
df_pivot = df_meld.pivot(index='name', columns='subject', values='score')
print(df_pivot)

subject  english  math  science
name                           
John          70    80       75
Mary          85    90       95
Peter         90    70       80