Python文本与二进制文件读写操作指南

open(filename, mode, encoding=None)

with open('example.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    line = file.readline()
    while line:
        print(line.strip())
        line = file.readline()

with open('example.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    content = file.read()
    print(content)

with open('example.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    lines = file.readlines()
    for line in lines:
        print(line.strip())

with open('output.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    file.write('这是第一行文本。\n')
    file.write('这是第二行文本。')

with open('output.txt', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    file.write('\n这是追加的一行文本。')

with open('example.bin', 'rb') as file:
    content = file.read()
    print(content)

with open('output.bin', 'wb') as file:
    file.write(b'This is a binary file.')

try:
    with open('nonexistent.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
        content = file.read()
except FileNotFoundError:
    print('文件未找到。')
except PermissionError:
    print('没有权限读取文件。')

def copy_text_file(source, destination):
    try:
        with open(source, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as src_file:
            content = src_file.read()
        with open(destination, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as dest_file:
            dest_file.write(content)
        print(f'文件已成功复制到 {destination}')
    except Exception as e:
        print(f'复制文件时出错: {e}')

copy_text_file('example.txt', 'example_copy.txt')

def copy_binary_file(source, destination):
    try:
        with open(source, 'rb') as src_file:
            content = src_file.read()
        with open(destination, 'wb') as dest_file:
            dest_file.write(content)
        print(f'文件已成功复制到 {destination}')
    except Exception as e:
        print(f'复制文件时出错: {e}')

copy_binary_file('example.bin', 'example_copy.bin')

def file_statistics(filename):
    try:
        with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
            lines = file.readlines()
        line_count = len(lines)
        word_count = sum(len(line.split()) for line in lines)
        char_count = sum(len(line) for line in lines)
        print(f'行数: {line_count}, 单词数: {word_count}, 字符数: {char_count}')
    except Exception as e:
        print(f'统计文件时出错: {e}')

file_statistics('example.txt')

import json

def read_json(filename):
    try:
        with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
            data = json.load(file)
        return data
    except Exception as e:
        print(f'读取JSON文件时出错: {e}')
        return None

data = read_json('data.json')
print(data)

import json

def write_json(data, filename):
    try:
        with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
            json.dump(data, file, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
        print(f'数据已写入到 {filename}')
    except Exception as e:
        print(f'写入JSON文件时出错: {e}')

data = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}
write_json(data, 'data.json')