Python原生代码实现高效接口测试的终极指南

pip install requests

import requests

url = "https://httpbin.org/get"
response = requests.get(url)

# 打印状态码
print(f"状态码: {response.status_code}")
# 打印响应内容（自动解析 JSON）
print(f"响应体: {response.json()}")

import requests

# 创建 Session 对象
session = requests.Session()

# 1. 登录接口
login_url = "https://httpbin.org/post"
payload = {"username": "test_user", "password": "secret_key"}
login_res = session.post(login_url, json=payload)

if login_res.status_code == 200:
    print("登录成功，Cookie 已自动保存")
    
    # 2. 访问需要登录态的个人中心接口
    # 此时 session 会自动带上刚才登录的 Cookie
    profile_url = "https://httpbin.org/cookies"
    profile_res = session.get(profile_url)
    print("个人中心响应:", profile_res.json())
else:
    print("登录失败")

import requests
import assertpy # 假设使用 assertpy 进行断言，pip install assertpy

base_url = "https://api.example.com/calculator/add"

# 定义多组测试数据：(num1, num2, expected_result)
test_cases = [
    (1, 2, 3),
    (100, 200, 300),
    (-1, 1, 0),
    (0, 0, 0)
]

for a, b, expected in test_cases:
    params = {"a": a, "b": b}
    response = requests.get(base_url, params=params)
    
    # 实际断言
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json()["result"] == expected
    print(f"测试通过: {a} + {b} = {expected}")

import requests
import atexit # 用于注册退出时的清理函数（简单场景）

created_user_ids = []

def cleanup():
    print("开始清理脏数据...")
    for uid in created_user_ids:
        delete_url = f"https://api.example.com/users/{uid}"
        try:
            requests.delete(delete_url)
            print(f"已删除用户: {uid}")
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"删除失败: {e}")

# 注册清理函数（在脚本结束时执行）
atexit.register(cleanup)

# --- 测试逻辑 ---
create_url = "https://api.example.com/users"
resp = requests.post(create_url, json={"name": "Jerry"})
if resp.status_code == 201:
    user_id = resp.json()["id"]
    created_user_ids.append(user_id)
    print(f"创建用户成功，ID: {user_id}")

import yaml

def load_config():
    with open('config/settings.yaml', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        return yaml.safe_load(f)

config = load_config()
BASE_URL = config['env']['host']
TOKEN = config['auth']['token']

# test_login.py
import pytest
import requests

# 使用 fixture 进行 setup
@pytest.fixture
def base_url():
    return "https://httpbin.org"

def test_get_request(base_url):
    """测试 GET 请求"""
    r = requests.get(f"{base_url}/get")
    assert r.status_code == 200
    assert "args" in r.json()

def test_post_request(base_url):
    """测试 POST 请求"""
    data = {"key": "value"}
    r = requests.post(f"{base_url}/post", json=data)
    assert r.json()["json"] == data

from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Column, Integer, String
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base

# 1. 定义模型（ORM 映射）
Base = declarative_base()
class Order(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'orders'
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    status = Column(String)

# 2. 连接数据库
engine = create_engine('sqlite:///test.db')
Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
db_session = Session()

# 3. 在测试中进行数据库断言
def verify_order_status(order_id, expected_status):
    """
    使用 ORM 查询数据库，验证订单状态
    """
    # ORM 查询：类似 SQL "SELECT * FROM orders WHERE id = ?"
    order = db_session.query(Order).filter_by(id=order_id).first()
    
    if not order:
        raise AssertionError(f"订单 {order_id} 不存在")
    
    if order.status != expected_status:
        raise AssertionError(f"状态不符。预期: {expected_status}, 实际: {order.status}")
    
    print(f"数据库校验通过：订单 {order_id} 状态为 {order.status}")

# 模拟场景：调用接口创建订单 -> 数据库校验
# (此处省略接口调用代码，假设拿到了 order_id = 1001)
# verify_order_status(1001, "PAID")