使用Python脚本自动化管理Docker容器的完整指南

pip install psutil

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

name = "centos7-novnc3d"

p = Popen(['docker', 'start', name], stderr=PIPE)
_, stderr = p.communicate()
code = stderr.decode("utf-8").strip()

if code == "" or code.startswith(name):
    response = {"code": 200, 'msg': "success"}
else:
    response = {"code": 500, 'msg': code}

print(response)

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

root_passwd = "1234567"
name = "centos7-novnc28"

# 构造修改密码的 shell 命令
pass_cmd = f"echo 'root:{root_passwd}' | chpasswd && echo 'success'"

p2 = Popen(['docker', 'exec', '-i', name, '/bin/bash', '-c', pass_cmd],
           stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
stdout, stderr2 = p2.communicate()

# 注意：chpasswd 成功时通常无 stderr，成功标志由 stdout 中的 'success' 判断
output = stdout.decode("utf-8").strip()
error = stderr2.decode("utf-8").strip()

if "success" in output or (output == "" and error == ""):
    response = {"code": 200, 'msg': "root修改密码成功"}
else:
    response = {"code": 500, 'msg': error or output}

print(response)

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

name = "reverent_matsumoto"

try:
    # 停止容器
    p_stop = Popen(['docker', 'stop', name], stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
    stdout, stderr = p_stop.communicate()
    stop_output = stdout.decode("utf-8").strip()

    if stop_output == name:  # docker stop 成功会返回容器名
        # 删除容器
        p_rm = Popen(['docker', 'rm', name], stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
        rm_out, rm_err = p_rm.communicate()
        response = {"code": 200, 'msg': "删除成功"}
    else:
        response = {"code": 500, 'msg': stderr.decode("utf-8")}

except FileNotFoundError:
    response = {"code": 500, 'msg': "docker未安装"}

print(response)

import psutil
import os

def bytes2human(n):
    """将字节转换为易读格式"""
    symbols = ('KB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB')
    for i, s in enumerate(symbols):
        unit = 1 << (i + 1) * 10  # 1KB=1024, 1MB=1024^2...
        if n < unit:
            return f"{n / (unit // 1024):.2f} {s}"
    return f"{n:.2f} B"

# 内存信息
mem_info = psutil.virtual_memory()
disk_usage = psutil.disk_usage('/')

response = {
    "code": 200,
    "msg": "success",
    "data": {
        "memory": {
            "current_process_memory": bytes2human(psutil.Process(os.getpid()).memory_info().rss),
            "total": bytes2human(mem_info.total),
            "used": bytes2human(mem_info.used),
            "available": bytes2human(mem_info.available),
            "free": bytes2human(mem_info.free),
            "active": bytes2human(mem_info.active),
            "inactive": bytes2human(mem_info.inactive),
            "percent": f"{mem_info.percent}%",
            "cpu_cores": psutil.cpu_count()
        },
        "disk_usage": {
            "total": bytes2human(disk_usage.total),
            "used": bytes2human(disk_usage.used),
            "free": bytes2human(disk_usage.free),
            "percent": f"{disk_usage.percent}%"
        }
    }
}

print(response)

{
  "code": 200,
  "msg": "success",
  "data": {
    "memory": { "total": "15.50 GB", "percent": "45.2%", ... },
    "disk_usage": { "total": "931.51 GB", "percent": "32.1%", ... }
  }
}