Python读取硬盘所有信息的完整方法
更新时间：2026年01月29日 09:43:20 作者：XerCis
这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了Python读取硬盘所有信息的相关方法,文中的示例代码讲解详细,具有一定的借鉴价值,感兴趣的小伙伴可以跟随小编一起了解下
简介
smartmontools 包含两个程序 smartctl 和 smartd，用于控制和监控存储系统：
- 检查硬盘（HDD/SSD）的健康状态
- 预测硬盘故障风险
- 执行硬盘自检（如短/长测试）
- 查看温度、通电时间、坏扇区等关键指标
SMART 指的是 Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology System
pySMART 是 smartctl 的 Python 封装，兼容 Linux 和 Windows
建议使用管理员权限运行
安装
pip install pySMART
Windows
下载 smartmontools 或从 releases 下载
Linux
apt-get install smartmontools yum install smartmontools
列出系统中的硬盘
lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 256G 0 disk sdb 8:16 0 256G 0 disk /
或
smartctl --scan /dev/sda -d ata # /dev/sda, ATA device /dev/sdb -d ata # /dev/sdb, ATA device /dev/sdc -d nvme # /dev/sdc, NVMe device /dev/sdd -d scsi # /dev/sdd, SCSI device
实现代码
from pySMART import DeviceList device_list = DeviceList() devices = device_list.devices print(devices) # [<ATA device on /dev/sda mod:ST4000VX000-1F4168 sn:Z302B410>, # <ATA device on /dev/sdb mod:ST8000NM0055-1RM112 sn:ZA1F6NQX>, # <NVME device on /dev/sdc mod:Samsung SSD 970 EVO 500GB sn:S466NX0M733342K>]
查看硬盘基本信息
smartctl -i /dev/sda === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Seagate Surveillance # 硬盘系列 Device Model: ST4000VX000-1F4168 # 具体型号 Serial Number: Z302B410 # 序列号 LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 0793e2e21 # 逻辑单元全球名称 Firmware Version: CV12 # 固件版本号 User Capacity: 4,015,189,831,680 bytes [4.01 TB] # 可用容量 Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical # 逻辑扇区大小512字节，物理扇区大小4096字节（4KB） Rotation Rate: 5900 rpm # 转速 Form Factor: 3.5 inches # 外形规格 Device is: In smartctl database # ATA Version is: ACS-2, ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 3b # 支持的ATA标准版本 SATA Version is: SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s) # SATA接口版本及传输速率 Local Time is: Tue Jan 27 12:05:24 2026 # 系统本地时间 SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. # 具备SMART监测功能 SMART support is: Enabled # 已启用SMART功能
实现代码
from pySMART import Device
device = Device('/dev/sda')
device.all_attributes()
# ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME CUR WST THR TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAIL RAW
# 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 113 92 6 Pre-fail Always - 55785344
# 3 Spin_Up_Time 091 91 0 Pre-fail Always - 0
# 4 Start_Stop_Count 037 37 20 Old_age Always - 65535
# 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 100 100 10 Pre-fail Always - 0
# 7 Seek_Error_Rate 088 60 30 Pre-fail Always - 713434302
# 9 Power_On_Hours 064 64 0 Old_age Always - 31980
# 10 Spin_Retry_Count 100 100 97 Pre-fail Always - 0
# 12 Power_Cycle_Count 087 37 20 Old_age Always - 13611
# 184 End-to-End_Error 100 100 99 Old_age Always - 0
# 187 Reported_Uncorrect 001 1 0 Old_age Always - 348
# 188 Command_Timeout 100 99 0 Old_age Always - 8590065666
# 189 High_Fly_Writes 100 100 0 Old_age Always - 0
# 190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 064 45 45 Old_age Always In_the_past 36 (Min/Max 27/36)
# 191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 100 100 0 Old_age Always - 0
# 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 029 29 0 Old_age Always - 143207
# 193 Load_Cycle_Count 024 24 0 Old_age Always - 152378
# 194 Temperature_Celsius 036 55 0 Old_age Always - 36 (0 12 0 0 0)
# 197 Current_Pending_Sector 100 100 0 Old_age Always - 96
# 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 100 100 0 Old_age Offline - 96
# 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 200 200 0 Old_age Always - 0
查看硬盘所有信息
smartctl -a /dev/pd0 smartctl -a /dev/sda
实现代码
from pySMART import Device
sda = Device('/dev/sda')
print(sda)
# <ATA device on /dev/sda mod:ST4000VX000-1F4168 sn:Z302B410>
检查硬盘健康状态
smartctl -H /dev/sda === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED Please note the following marginal Attributes: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 063 045 045 Old_age Always In_the_past 37 (Min/Max 20/37)
查看详细属性
smartctl -A /dev/sda === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 108 092 006 Pre-fail Always - 16945048 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 091 091 000 Pre-fail Always - 0 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 037 037 020 Old_age Always - 65535 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 088 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 713392046 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 064 064 000 Old_age Always - 31977 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 087 037 020 Old_age Always - 13610 184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0 187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 348 188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 099 000 Old_age Always - 8590065666 189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 063 045 045 Old_age Always In_the_past 37 (Min/Max 20/37) 191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 029 029 000 Old_age Always - 143207 193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 024 024 000 Old_age Always - 152355 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 037 055 000 Old_age Always - 37 (0 12 0 0 0) 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 96 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 96 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
Reallocated_Sector_Ct（ID 5）：坏道重映射数量
Current_Pending_Sector（ID 197）：待处理坏扇区
Temperature（ID 194）：温度是否过高
硬盘自检
查看支持哪些测试
smartctl -c /dev/sda
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 128) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 527) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x10b9) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
短自检
1-2 分钟
smartctl -t short /dev/sda
长自检
几十分钟到几小时
smartctl -t long /dev/sda
查看测试结果
smartctl -l selftest /dev/sda === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 31977 -
到此这篇关于Python读取硬盘所有信息的完整方法的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Python读取硬盘信息内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家！
相关文章
这篇文章主要介绍了python递归函数和河内塔问题,非常不错，具有参考借鉴价值，需要的朋友可以参考下2017-04-04
基于dlib库的模型，实现人脸识别和焦点人物的检测。最后呈现的效果为焦点人物的识别框颜色与其他人物框不一样。对Python人脸识别和焦点人物检测设计过程感兴趣的朋友一起看看吧2021-10-10
这篇文章主要介绍了Python写入数据到MP3文件中的方法,可实现将MP3文件相关信息写入MP3文件的功能,具有一定参考借鉴价值,需要的朋友可以参考下2015-07-07
这篇文章主要介绍了深入源码解析Python中的对象与类型,涉及到对象的引用计数方法和类型的定义等深层次内容,需要的朋友可以参考下2015-12-12
argparse是python标准库里面用来处理命令行参数的库，这篇文章主要介绍了Python的argparse库使用详解，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下2018-10-10
这篇文章主要介绍了使用Keras加载含有自定义层或函数的模型操作，具有很好的参考价值，希望对大家有所帮助。一起跟随小编过来看看吧2020-06-06
平常的开发过程中不免遇到需要把model转成字典的需求，这篇文章主要介绍了Django model转字典的方法，非常具有实用价值，需要的朋友可以参考下2018-10-10
logging日志模块是python的一个内置模块，该模块定义了一些函数和类，为上层应用程序或库实现了一个强大而又灵活的日志记录系统，这篇文章主要介绍了Python如何在日志中隐藏明文密码 ,需要的朋友可以参考下2023-10-10
这篇文章主要介绍了Python中的条件控制语句,具有很好的参考价值,希望对大家有所帮助,如有错误或未考虑完全的地方,望不吝赐教2025-04-04
这篇文章主要介绍了Python调用MySQLdb插入中文乱码的解决，具有很好的参考价值，希望对大家有所帮助。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方，望不吝赐教2022-03-03
最新评论