Python实现程序开机自启动的常见方案

import os
import sys
import shutil
import getpass

def set_autostart_windows_startup():
    # 获取当前用户的用户名
    username = getpass.getuser()
    
    # 获取当前脚本的路径
    script_path = os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])
    
    # 启动文件夹路径
    startup_folder = f"C:\\Users\\{username}\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Startup"
    
    # 创建快捷方式
    shortcut_path = os.path.join(startup_folder, "USBMonitor.lnk")
    
    if not os.path.exists(shortcut_path):
        try:
            import winshell
            from win32com.client import Dispatch
            
            shell = Dispatch('WScript.Shell')
            shortcut = shell.CreateShortCut(shortcut_path)
            shortcut.TargetPath = sys.executable  # Python解释器路径
            shortcut.Arguments = f'"{script_path}"'  # 脚本路径
            shortcut.WorkingDirectory = os.path.dirname(script_path)
            shortcut.IconLocation = script_path
            shortcut.save()
            
            print(f"已创建开机启动快捷方式: {shortcut_path}")
            return True
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"创建快捷方式失败: {e}")
            return False
    else:
        print("快捷方式已存在")
        return True

import winreg
import sys
import os

def set_autostart_windows_registry(app_name, path_to_exe):
    # 打开注册表键
    key = winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER
    key_path = r"Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run"
    
    try:
        registry_key = winreg.OpenKey(key, key_path, 0, winreg.KEY_WRITE)
        winreg.SetValueEx(registry_key, app_name, 0, winreg.REG_SZ, path_to_exe)
        winreg.CloseKey(registry_key)
        print(f"已添加注册表开机启动项: {app_name}")
        return True
    except WindowsError as e:
        print(f"注册表操作失败: {e}")
        return False

# 使用方法
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app_name = "USBMonitor"
    # 如果是.py文件
    python_exe = sys.executable
    script_path = os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])
    path_to_exe = f'"{python_exe}" "{script_path}"'
    
    # 如果是打包后的.exe文件
    # path_to_exe = os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])
    
    set_autostart_windows_registry(app_name, path_to_exe)

import os
import sys
import getpass

def set_autostart_linux_desktop():
    # 获取当前用户的用户名
    username = getpass.getuser()
    
    # 获取当前脚本的路径
    script_path = os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])
    
    # .desktop文件内容
    desktop_file_content = f"""[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec={sys.executable} {script_path}
Hidden=false
NoDisplay=false
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true
Name=USBMonitor
Comment=USB设备监控程序
"""
    
    # 创建autostart目录(如果不存在)
    autostart_dir = f"/home/{username}/.config/autostart"
    os.makedirs(autostart_dir, exist_ok=True)
    
    # 写入.desktop文件
    desktop_file_path = os.path.join(autostart_dir, "usbmonitor.desktop")
    
    try:
        with open(desktop_file_path, 'w') as f:
            f.write(desktop_file_content)
        # 设置可执行权限
        os.chmod(desktop_file_path, 0o755)
        print(f"已创建开机启动.desktop文件: {desktop_file_path}")
        return True
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"创建.desktop文件失败: {e}")
        return False

import os
import sys
import getpass

def set_autostart_linux_systemd():
    # 获取当前用户的用户名
    username = getpass.getuser()
    
    # 获取当前脚本的路径
    script_path = os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])
    
    # systemd服务文件内容
    service_file_content = f"""[Unit]
Description=USB Device Monitor
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User={username}
ExecStart={sys.executable} {script_path}
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
"""
    
    # 需要root权限写入系统服务目录
    service_file_path = "/etc/systemd/system/usbmonitor.service"
    
    print("需要root权限来创建systemd服务文件")
    print(f"请手动创建文件: {service_file_path}")
    print("内容如下:")
    print(service_file_content)
    print("\n然后执行以下命令:")
    print("sudo systemctl daemon-reload")
    print("sudo systemctl enable usbmonitor.service")
    print("sudo systemctl start usbmonitor.service")
    
    return False  # 需要手动操作

# 在USBServerGUI类中添加
class USBServerGUI(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        # ... 原有代码 ...
        self.create_autostart_menu()
        
    def create_autostart_menu(self):
        menubar = self.menuBar()
        settings_menu = menubar.addMenu('设置')
        
        autostart_action = QAction('开机自启动', self, checkable=True)
        autostart_action.setChecked(self.check_autostart())
        autostart_action.triggered.connect(self.toggle_autostart)
        settings_menu.addAction(autostart_action)
        
    def check_autostart(self):
        """检查是否已设置开机自启动"""
        if platform.system() == 'Windows':
            try:
                key = winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER
                key_path = r"Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run"
                registry_key = winreg.OpenKey(key, key_path, 0, winreg.KEY_READ)
                value, _ = winreg.QueryValueEx(registry_key, "USBMonitor")
                winreg.CloseKey(registry_key)
                return os.path.exists(value.split('"')[1])  # 检查路径是否存在
            except WindowsError:
                return False
        else:  # Linux
            username = getpass.getuser()
            desktop_file = f"/home/{username}/.config/autostart/usbmonitor.desktop"
            return os.path.exists(desktop_file)
            
    def toggle_autostart(self, enabled):
        """切换开机自启动设置"""
        if platform.system() == 'Windows':
            app_name = "USBMonitor"
            python_exe = sys.executable
            script_path = os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])
            path_to_exe = f'"{python_exe}" "{script_path}"'
            
            if enabled:
                success = set_autostart_windows_registry(app_name, path_to_exe)
            else:
                success = remove_autostart_windows_registry(app_name)
        else:  # Linux
            if enabled:
                success = set_autostart_linux_desktop()
            else:
                success = remove_autostart_linux_desktop()
                
        if not success:
            # 显示错误消息
            msg = QMessageBox()
            msg.setIcon(QMessageBox.Warning)
            msg.setText("修改开机自启动设置失败")
            msg.setWindowTitle("错误")
            msg.exec_()

# 在USBClientGUI类中添加类似代码
class USBClientGUI(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        # ... 原有代码 ...
        self.create_autostart_menu()
    def create_autostart_menu(self):
        # 类似于服务器端的实现
        pass