使用Python脚本实现同一个Git仓库在多个机房及多台电脑上同时同步

[ 控制机 (Python 脚本) ]
        │
        ├── SSH ──▶ [机房A - 服务器1]
        ├── SSH ──▶ [机房A - 服务器2]
        ├── SSH ──▶ [机房B - 服务器1]
        └── SSH ──▶ [机房C - 服务器3]

pip install paramiko

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
同步同一个 Git 仓库到多个机房的多台机器
支持并发 SSH 执行 git clone / pull
"""

import paramiko
import logging
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, as_completed
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Optional

# ================== 配置区 ==================
GIT_REPO_URL = "git@github.com:your-team/your-app.git"  # 替换为你的仓库地址
LOCAL_PATH_ON_REMOTE = "/opt/app"                      # 远程机器上的本地路径

# 目标机器列表（支持不同机房）
MACHINES = [
    # 格式: (hostname, port, username, password 或 None 表示用 SSH key)
    ("192.168.10.101", 22, "deploy", None),      # 机房A - server1
    ("192.168.10.102", 22, "deploy", None),      # 机房A - server2
    ("10.20.30.40",   22, "ubuntu", None),       # 机房B - server1
    ("172.16.5.60",   22, "root", "your_password"),  # 机房C - server3（用密码）
]

MAX_WORKERS = len(MACHINES)  # 并发数 = 机器数
SSH_TIMEOUT = 10
GIT_TIMEOUT = 300

# ===========================================

logging.basicConfig(
    level=logging.INFO,
    format="%(asctime)s [%(levelname)s] %(message)s"
)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

@dataclass
class SyncResult:
    host: str
    success: bool
    message: str

def sync_to_machine(hostname: str, port: int, username: str, password: Optional[str]) -> SyncResult:
    """在单台远程机器上同步 Git 仓库"""
    try:
        # 建立 SSH 连接
        client = paramiko.SSHClient()
        client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
        
        if password:
            client.connect(hostname, port=port, username=username, password=password, timeout=SSH_TIMEOUT)
        else:
            client.connect(hostname, port=port, username=username, timeout=SSH_TIMEOUT)
        
        logger.info(f"[{hostname}] SSH 连接成功")

        # 构造 Git 同步命令
        cmd = f"""
        if [ ! -d "{LOCAL_PATH_ON_REMOTE}" ]; then
            echo "目录不存在，开始 clone..."
            git clone {GIT_REPO_URL} {LOCAL_PATH_ON_REMOTE}
        else
            echo "目录存在，执行 pull..."
            cd {LOCAL_PATH_ON_REMOTE} && git pull
        fi
        """
        
        stdin, stdout, stderr = client.exec_command(cmd, timeout=GIT_TIMEOUT)
        exit_code = stdout.channel.recv_exit_status()
        
        if exit_code == 0:
            output = stdout.read().decode().strip()
            logger.info(f"[{hostname}] 同步成功")
            return SyncResult(hostname, True, output)
        else:
            error = stderr.read().decode().strip()
            logger.error(f"[{hostname}] 同步失败: {error}")
            return SyncResult(hostname, False, error)
            
    except Exception as e:
        logger.error(f"[{hostname}] SSH 或执行异常: {e}")
        return SyncResult(hostname, False, str(e))
    finally:
        try:
            client.close()
        except:
            pass

def main():
    logger.info(f"开始同步 Git 仓库到 {len(MACHINES)} 台机器...")
    
    results = []
    with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=MAX_WORKERS) as executor:
        futures = {
            executor.submit(sync_to_machine, host, port, user, pwd): host
            for host, port, user, pwd in MACHINES
        }
        for future in as_completed(futures):
            result = future.result()
            results.append(result)
    
    # 汇总结果
    success_count = sum(1 for r in results if r.success)
    logger.info(f"同步完成！成功: {success_count}/{len(MACHINES)}")
    
    # 打印失败详情
    for r in results:
        if not r.success:
            logger.error(f"❌ {r.host}: {r.message}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

python3 sync_git_across_machines.py

2026-03-18 11:00:01 [INFO] 开始同步 Git 仓库到 4 台机器...
2026-03-18 11:00:02 [INFO] [192.168.10.101] SSH 连接成功
2026-03-18 11:00:02 [INFO] [10.20.30.40] SSH 连接成功
...
2026-03-18 11:00:08 [INFO] [192.168.10.101] 同步成功
2026-03-18 11:00:10 [ERROR] [172.16.5.60] 同步失败: Permission denied (publickey).
2026-03-18 11:00:12 [INFO] 同步完成！成功: 3/4