Python使用logging模块创建和处理.log文件的多种方法

import logging

# 基本配置
logging.basicConfig(
    filename='application.log',  # 日志文件名
    level=logging.DEBUG,         # 记录级别（DEBUG及以上都会记录）
    format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'
)

# 使用日志
logging.debug('这是一条调试信息')
logging.info('程序正常启动')
logging.warning('磁盘空间不足50%')
logging.error('数据库连接失败')

from logging.handlers import TimedRotatingFileHandler
import logging

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)

# 创建按天分割的日志处理器
handler = TimedRotatingFileHandler(
    'daily_log.log',
    when='midnight',  # 每天午夜分割
    interval=1,
    backupCount=7     # 保留最近7天的日志
)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
handler.setFormatter(formatter)

logger.addHandler(handler)

# 使用日志
logger.info("这条日志会按天自动分割")

import logging
from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler

# 创建不同处理器
debug_handler = RotatingFileHandler(
    'debug.log',
    maxBytes=1024*1024,  # 1MB
    backupCount=3
)
debug_handler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

error_handler = RotatingFileHandler(
    'errors.log',
    maxBytes=1024*1024,
    backupCount=1
)
error_handler.setLevel(logging.ERROR)

# 创建带颜色的控制台输出
console = logging.StreamHandler()
console.setLevel(logging.INFO)

# 创建格式器
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
debug_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
error_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
console.setFormatter(logging.Formatter('%(levelname)s: %(message)s'))

# 配置根日志器
root_logger = logging.getLogger()
root_logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
root_logger.addHandler(debug_handler)
root_logger.addHandler(error_handler)
root_logger.addHandler(console)

# 测试日志
logging.debug("开发调试信息")
logging.info("用户登录成功")
logging.warning("接口响应时间过长")
logging.error("支付服务连接超时")

import json
from logging import Formatter

class JsonFormatter(Formatter):
    def format(self, record):
        log_record = {
            'time': self.formatTime(record),
            'level': record.levelname,
            'message': record.getMessage(),
            'module': record.module
        }
        return json.dumps(log_record)

formatter = JsonFormatter()

class NoDebugFilter(logging.Filter):
    def filter(self, record):
        return record.levelno < logging.DEBUG

debug_handler.addFilter(NoDebugFilter())

project/
├── logs/
│   ├── debug.log
│   ├── info.log
│   └── errors.log
└── main.py

import os
from pathlib import Path

# 创建日志目录
log_dir = Path('logs')
log_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)

# 主日志配置
logging.basicConfig(
    level=logging.INFO,
    handlers=[
        RotatingFileHandler(log_dir/'app.log', maxBytes=10*1024*1024, backupCount=5),
        logging.StreamHandler()
    ],
    format='[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)s in %(module)s: %(message)s'
)

if os.getenv('FLASK_ENV') == 'development':
    logging.getLogger().setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
else:
    logging.getLogger().setLevel(logging.WARNING)