Python使用Traceback进行错误追踪的方法详解

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 5, in <module>
    result = divide(10, 0)
  File "test.py", line 2, in divide
    return a / b
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero

import traceback
def divide(a, b):
    return a / b
try:
    result = divide(10, 0)
except ZeroDivisionError:
    traceback.print_exc()  # 打印详细的错误堆栈
    print("程序继续执行...")  # 捕获异常后可继续执行输出

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 59, in <module>
    result = divide(10, 0)
  File "test.py", line 56, in divide
    return a / b
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero
程序继续执行...

import traceback
def divide(a, b):
    return a / b
try:
    result = divide(10, 0)
except ZeroDivisionError:
    error_msg = traceback.format_exc()
    print(f"错误信息已记录：\n{error_msg}")

import traceback
def divide(a, b):
    return a / b

try:
    result = divide(10, 0)
except ZeroDivisionError as e:
    tb = e.__traceback__  # 获取Traceback对象
    traceback.print_tb(tb)  # 打印原始堆栈信息
    print(f"异常类型: {type(e).__name__}")
    print(f"异常信息: {e}")
    # 或者
    exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback = sys.exc_info()
    traceback.print_tb(exc_traceback)  # 打印原始堆栈信息
    print(f"异常类型: {exc_type}")
    print(f"异常信息: {exc_value}")

 File "<stdin>", line 6, in <module>
    result = divide(10, 0)
  File "<stdin>", line 3, in divide
    return a / b
异常类型: ZeroDivisionError
异常信息: division by zero

import traceback
def divide(a, b):
    try:
        a / b
    except ZeroDivisionError as e:
        print(e)
        tb = e.__traceback__  # 获取Traceback对象
        stack_summary = traceback.extract_tb(tb)
        print(stack_summary)
        for frame in stack_summary:
            print(f"文件: {frame.filename}")
            print(f"行号: {frame.lineno}")
            print(f"函数: {frame.name}")
            print(f"代码: {frame.line}")
divide(1,0)

文件: test.py
行号: 72
函数: divide
代码: a / b

def divide1():
    traceback.print_stack()  # 打印当前调用栈
def divide2():
    divide1()
def divide3():
    divide2()
divide3()

  File "test.py", line 67, in <module>
    divide3()
  File "test.py", line 65, in divide3
    divide2()
  File "test.py", line 62, in divide2
    divide1()
  File "test.py", line 59, in divide1
    traceback.print_stack()  # 打印当前调用栈

import traceback
import logging
logging.basicConfig(filename='error.log', level=logging.ERROR)
try:
    result = 1 / 0
except Exception as e:
    error_msg = traceback.format_exc()
    logging.error(f"程序崩溃: {error_msg}")
    print("错误已记录到 error.log")

import threading
import traceback
def worker():
    try:
        raise ValueError("线程内部错误")
    except Exception as e:
        tb = traceback.format_exc()
        print(f"线程错误: {tb}")
t = threading.Thread(target=worker)
t.start()
t.join()