Python os.path 模块常见用法:路径拼接、目录操作与批量文件处理

os.path.join(path1[, path2[, ...]])

import os
# 全部相对路径
print(os.path.join('/hello/', 'good/boy/', 'doiido'))
# 输出：/hello/good/boy/doiido
# 中间出现绝对路径
print(os.path.join('/hello/', '/good/boy/', 'doiido'))
# 输出：/good/boy/doiido   （/hello/ 被忽略）

url = 'https://images0.cnblogs.com/i/311516/201403/020013141657112.png'
filename = os.path.basename(url)   # '020013141657112.png'
filepath = os.path.dirname(url)    # 'https://images0.cnblogs.com/i/311516/201403'

parts = os.path.split('/home/user/data/file.txt')
# ('/home/user/data', 'file.txt')

def mkdir(path):
    if not os.path.exists(path):
        os.makedirs(path)
        print("--- create new folder %s ---" % path)
    else:
        print("--- already have this folder! ---")

def create_empty_file(path):
    dir, file = os.path.split(path)
    mkdir(dir)
    open(path, "w").close()

import shutil
def cp_rawdata_snp_2_plate_snp_path(path, new_path):
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
        for file in files:
            if file[-3:].lower() in ('jpg', 'png'):
                src = os.path.join(root, file)
                dst = os.path.join(new_path, file)
                shutil.copy(src, dst)

def rename_gtc_barcode():
    barcode_map = {"2012333_r1l2": "111-1214-1232"}
    gtc_path = config["dir.gtc_dir_path"]
    for i in os.listdir(gtc_path):
        if not i.endswith(".gtc"):
            continue
        oldname = os.path.join(gtc_path, i)
        newname = os.path.join(gtc_path, barcode_map[i.replace(".gtc", "")] + ".vcf")
        os.rename(oldname, newname)
        print(oldname, '======>', newname)

import os
# 当前目录
print(os.getcwd())
print(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
# 上级目录
print(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.getcwd())))
print(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "..")))
# 上上级目录
print(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "../..")))