Python实现拆分合并Excel单元格并自动填充原左上角数据

pip install openpyxl

from openpyxl import load_workbook
from copy import copy

def unmerge_merged_cells_fill_all(file_path, sheet_name="Sheet1", output_path=None):
    """
    Excel拆分合并单元格，拆分后原合并区域的所有单元格全部填充原左上角的值
    :param file_path: str 输入Excel文件完整路径
    :param sheet_name: str 目标工作表名称，默认Sheet1
    :param output_path: str 输出文件路径，不传则直接覆盖原文件
    :return: str 处理完成后的文件路径
    """
    # 1. 加载工作簿，保留表格原有全部格式样式
    wb = load_workbook(file_path)
    ws = wb[sheet_name]

    # 2. 提前读取所有合并单元格区域（关键：拆分后无法获取合并范围，必须先缓存）
    merged_ranges = list(ws.merged_cells.ranges)
    if not merged_ranges:
        print("当前工作表未检测到任何合并单元格，无需执行处理")
        return

    # 3. 循环处理每一块合并区域
    for m_range in merged_ranges:
        # 获取合并区域边界：起始行、结束行、起始列、结束列
        min_row = m_range.min_row
        max_row = m_range.max_row
        min_col = m_range.min_col
        max_col = m_range.max_col
        # 获取合并区域左上角单元格与原始数值
        top_left_cell = ws.cell(row=min_row, column=min_col)
        top_left_value = top_left_cell.value

        # 拆分当前合并单元格
        ws.unmerge_cells(range_string=str(m_range))

        # 遍历原合并区域内所有单元格，统一填充左上角值并复制样式
        for row in range(min_row, max_row + 1):
            for col in range(min_col, max_col + 1):
                current_cell = ws.cell(row=row, column=col)
                # 填充数值
                current_cell.value = top_left_value
                # 复制左上角单元格全套样式，保证表格美观不混乱
                current_cell.font = copy(top_left_cell.font)
                current_cell.fill = copy(top_left_cell.fill)
                current_cell.border = copy(top_left_cell.border)
                current_cell.alignment = copy(top_left_cell.alignment)
                current_cell.number_format = top_left_cell.number_format

    # 4. 文件保存逻辑
    if output_path is None:
        output_path = file_path
    wb.save(output_path)
    print(f"处理完成！共拆分 {len(merged_ranges)} 个合并单元格区域，文件保存路径：{output_path}")
    return output_path

# ===================== 调用示例 =====================
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Windows本地文件路径，r字符串避免转义符报错
    input_file = r"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\cs11.xlsx"
    # 方式1：直接覆盖原文件
    unmerge_merged_cells_fill_all(input_file)

    # 方式2：生成新文件，不修改原文件（取消注释使用）
    # new_file = r"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\cs11_处理后.xlsx"
    # unmerge_merged_cells_fill_all(input_file, output_path=new_file)

merged_ranges = list(ws.merged_cells.ranges)

top_left_cell = ws.cell(row=min_row, column=min_col)
top_left_value = top_left_cell.value

current_cell.font = copy(top_left_cell.font)
current_cell.fill = copy(top_left_cell.fill)
current_cell.border = copy(top_left_cell.border)
current_cell.alignment = copy(top_left_cell.alignment)
current_cell.number_format = top_left_cell.number_format

input_file = r"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\cs11.xlsx"
unmerge_merged_cells_fill_all(input_file)

input_file = r"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\cs11.xlsx"
output_file = r"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\cs11_拆分填充后.xlsx"
unmerge_merged_cells_fill_all(input_file, output_path=output_file)

input_file = r"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\cs11.xlsx"