使用Python写一个桌面文件自动整理工具

mkdir ~/desktop-organizer
cd ~/desktop-organizer
touch organizer.py organize_log.json

# 扩展名 → 目标文件夹名
CATEGORY_MAP = {
    "pdf": "文档",
    "doc": "文档", "docx": "文档", "txt": "文档", "md": "文档",
    "jpg": "图片", "jpeg": "图片", "png": "图片", "gif": "图片",
    "svg": "图片", "webp": "图片", "bmp": "图片",
    "mp4": "视频", "mov": "视频", "avi": "视频", "mkv": "视频",
    "mp3": "音频", "wav": "音频", "flac": "音频",
    "zip": "压缩包", "rar": "压缩包", "7z": "压缩包", "tar.gz": "压缩包",
    "py": "代码", "js": "代码", "html": "代码", "css": "代码",
    "exe": "可执行", "dmg": "可执行", "deb": "可执行",
}

# 默认兜底分类
DEFAULT_CATEGORY = "其他"

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""桌面文件自动整理工具"""

import os
import shutil
import logging
from pathlib import Path

# 配置日志
logging.basicConfig(
    filename="organize_log.json",
    level=logging.INFO,
    format="%(asctime)s | %(message)s"
)

CATEGORY_MAP = {
    "pdf": "文档", "doc": "文档", "docx": "文档", "txt": "文档", "md": "文档",
    "jpg": "图片", "jpeg": "图片", "png": "图片", "gif": "图片",
    "mp4": "视频", "mov": "视频", "mp3": "音频", "wav": "音频",
    "zip": "压缩包", "rar": "压缩包", "7z": "压缩包",
    "py": "代码", "js": "代码", "html": "代码",
}
DEFAULT_CATEGORY = "其他"


def get_category(filename: str) -> str:
    """根据文件名返回分类文件夹名"""
    ext = Path(filename).suffix.lower().lstrip(".")
    return CATEGORY_MAP.get(ext, DEFAULT_CATEGORY)


def move_file(src: Path, dest_dir: Path) -> Path:
    """移动文件，同名时自动加 _1, _2 后缀"""
    dest_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
    dest = dest_dir / src.name
    if dest.exists():
        stem, suffix = src.stem, src.suffix
        counter = 1
        while dest.exists():
            dest = dest_dir / f"{stem}_{counter}{suffix}"
            counter += 1
    shutil.move(str(src), str(dest))
    logging.info(f"移动: {src.name} -> {dest}")
    return dest


def organize(target_dir: str = None):
    """扫描并整理目标目录"""
    if target_dir is None:
        target_dir = os.path.expanduser("~/Desktop")

    root = Path(target_dir).resolve()
    if not root.exists():
        print(f"❌ 目录不存在: {root}")
        return

    count = 0
    for item in root.iterdir():
        if not item.is_file():
            continue
        if item.name.startswith("."):  # 跳过隐藏文件
            continue

        category = get_category(item.name)
        dest_dir = root / category
        move_file(item, dest_dir)
        count += 1

    print(f"✅ 完成，共整理 {count} 个文件")
    logging.info(f"=== 本次整理 {count} 个文件 ===")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    organize()

# 整理桌面（默认）
python3 organizer.py
# 整理指定目录
python3 organizer.py -- /path/to/messy/folder

Desktop/
├── 文档/
│   ├── 简历.pdf
│   └── 笔记.md
├── 图片/
│   ├── 截图.png
│   └── 头像.jpg
├── 压缩包/
│   └── 素材包.zip
├── 代码/
│   └── app.js
└── 其他/
    └── README

# 每周一、四早上 9 点自动整理
0 9 * * 1,4 cd ~/desktop-organizer && python3 organizer.py

MARKER_FILE = Path.home() / ".desktop_organize_done"

def should_run() -> bool:
    """避免同一天重复整理"""
    if MARKER_FILE.exists():
        last_run = MARKER_FILE.stat().st_mtime
        if (time.time() - last_run) < 86400:  # 24 小时内
            return False
    return True