Python使用openpyxl操作Excel的新手入门教程

pip install openpyxl

from openpyxl import load_workbook

# 文件路径（r 前缀表示原始字符串，避免转义问题）
filePath = r'D:\王者小学.xlsx'

# 打开 Excel 文件
workbook = load_workbook(filePath)

# 查看所有工作表名称
print(workbook.sheetnames)

from openpyxl import load_workbook

filePath = r'D:\王者小学.xlsx'
workbook = load_workbook(filePath)

# 方法1：通过表名获取
sheet1 = workbook["花名册"]

# 方法2：通过索引获取（从0开始）
sheet2 = workbook.worksheets[0]  # 第一个表

# 方法3：获取当前活动表
sheet3 = workbook.active

print(f"方法1: {sheet1}")
print(f"方法2: {sheet2}")
print(f"方法3: {sheet3}")

from openpyxl import load_workbook

filePath = r'D:\王者小学.xlsx'
workbook = load_workbook(filePath)

sheet1 = workbook["花名册"]
sheet2 = workbook["成绩单"]

print(f"花名册: {sheet1.dimensions}")
print(f"成绩单: {sheet2.dimensions}")

from openpyxl import load_workbook

filePath = r'D:\王者小学.xlsx'
workbook = load_workbook(filePath)

sheet = workbook["花名册"]
sheet2 = workbook["成绩单"]

# 方法1：通过坐标获取
cell1 = sheet["B2"]
print(f"单元格对象: {cell1}")
print(f"单元格值: {cell1.value}")

# 方法2：通过行列获取（B2 = 第2行第2列）
cell2 = sheet.cell(row=2, column=2)
print(f"单元格值: {cell2.value}")

# 获取后羿的成绩（C4 = 第4行第3列）
score = sheet2.cell(row=4, column=3).value
print(f"后羿的成绩: {score}")

from openpyxl import load_workbook

filePath = r'D:\王者小学.xlsx'
workbook = load_workbook(filePath)
sheet = workbook["花名册"]

# 获取矩形区域
cells = sheet["A1:C4"]  # 从A1到C4的区域

for row in cells:       # 按行遍历
    for cell in row:    # 遍历行中的每个单元格
        print(cell.value)

from openpyxl import load_workbook

filePath = r'D:\王者小学.xlsx'
workbook = load_workbook(filePath)
sheet = workbook["花名册"]

# 获取指定范围（第2-4行，第1-2列）
for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2, max_row=4, min_col=1, max_col=2):
    for cell in row:
        print(cell.value)

# 获取所有数据
for row in sheet.iter_rows():
    for cell in row:
        print(cell.value)

# 直接获取值（不需要 .value）
for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2, max_row=4, values_only=True):
    print(row)  # 直接是元组 ('1', '李白', '男')

from openpyxl import load_workbook

filePath = r'D:\王者小学.xlsx'
workbook = load_workbook(filePath)
sheet = workbook['花名册']

# 方式1：直接赋值
sheet["B2"] = '张三'

# 方式2：通过 cell 对象赋值
cell = sheet["B3"]
cell.value = '李四'

# 保存文件
workbook.save(r'D:\王者小学2.xlsx')

from openpyxl import load_workbook

filePath = r'D:\王者小学.xlsx'
workbook = load_workbook(filePath)
sheet = workbook['花名册']

# 要插入的数据（列表的列表）
data = [
    ['5', '安琪拉', "女"],
    ['6', '荆轲', "女"],
    ['7', '夏侯惇', "男"],
]

# 逐行追加
for row in data:
    sheet.append(row)

workbook.save(filePath)
print("数据插入成功！")

import os
from openpyxl import load_workbook, Workbook

# 数据文件夹路径
data_dir = r'D:\2021年销售明细'

# 创建新的工作簿保存汇总数据
summary_wb = Workbook()
summary_sheet = summary_wb.active
summary_sheet.title = "2021年销售汇总"

# 写入表头
headers = ['季度', '产品', '销量', '销售额']
summary_sheet.append(headers)

# 遍历所有Excel文件
for filename in os.listdir(data_dir):
    if filename.endswith('.xlsx'):
        # 提取季度信息
        quarter = filename.replace('.xlsx', '')
        
        # 打开文件读取数据
        file_path = os.path.join(data_dir, filename)
        wb = load_workbook(file_path)
        sheet = wb.active
        
        # 读取数据（跳过表头）
        for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2, values_only=True):
            # 添加季度信息
            row_data = [quarter] + list(row)
            summary_sheet.append(row_data)
        
        wb.close()

# 保存汇总文件
summary_wb.save(r'D:\2021年销售汇总.xlsx')
print("数据合并完成！")

from openpyxl import load_workbook

# 1. 打开文件
wb = load_workbook('数据.xlsx')

# 2. 获取工作表
sheet = wb['Sheet1']

# 3. 读取/修改数据
value = sheet['A1'].value
sheet['B2'] = '新数据'

# 4. 批量插入
sheet.append(['数据1', '数据2', '数据3'])

# 5. 保存文件
wb.save('数据.xlsx')