Docker Compose从安装到使用详细过程

# 更新包索引
sudo apt update
# 安装 Docker Compose 插件
sudo apt install docker-compose-plugin
# 验证安装
docker compose version

# CentOS/RHEL 8+
sudo yum install docker-compose-plugin
# Fedora
sudo dnf install docker-compose-plugin
# 验证安装
docker compose version

# 下载最新版本的 Docker Compose
sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/latest/download/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
# 添加执行权限
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
# 验证安装
docker-compose --version

version: '3.8'
services:
  web:
    image: nginx:latest
    ports:
      - "8080:80"
    volumes:
      - ./html:/usr/share/nginx/html
    depends_on:
      - db
  db:
    image: mysql:8.0
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: password
      MYSQL_DATABASE: myapp
    volumes:
      - db_data:/var/lib/mysql
volumes:
  db_data:

# 启动所有服务
docker compose up
# 后台启动服务
docker compose up -d
# 停止服务并清理容器
docker compose down
# 查看运行状态
docker compose ps
# 查看日志
docker compose logs
# 重新构建服务
docker compose build
# 重启服务
docker compose restart

version: '3.8'
services:
  # 前端服务
  frontend:
    image: node:16
    working_dir: /app
    volumes:
      - ./frontend:/app
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
    command: npm start
    environment:
      - REACT_APP_API_URL=http://backend:5000
    depends_on:
      - backend
  # 后端服务
  backend:
    build: ./backend
    ports:
      - "5000:5000"
    environment:
      - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://user:pass@db:5432/mydb
      - REDIS_URL=redis://redis:6379
    depends_on:
      - db
      - redis
  # 数据库
  db:
    image: postgres:13
    environment:
      POSTGRES_DB: mydb
      POSTGRES_USER: user
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: pass
    volumes:
      - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    ports:
      - "5432:5432"
  # 缓存
  redis:
    image: redis:alpine
    ports:
      - "6379:6379"
volumes:
  postgres_data:

DB_HOST=localhost
DB_PORT=5432
TAG=v1.0

version: '3.8'
services:
  app:
    image: myapp:${TAG:-latest}
    environment:
      - DB_HOST=${DB_HOST}
      - DB_PORT=${DB_PORT}
    env_file:
      - .env

# 开发环境
docker compose -f docker-compose.yml -f docker-compose.dev.yml up
# 生产环境
docker compose -f docker-compose.yml -f docker-compose.prod.yml up

sudo apt install docker-compose-plugin
# 使用方式：docker compose（注意中间有空格）

sudo apt install docker.io docker-compose
# 使用方式：docker-compose（连写，带横线）