Android实现获取联系人电话号码功能

............
//构造一个隐式的Intent，拉起联系人界面
final Intent pickIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK,
  ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI);

mSuspectButton = (Button)v.findViewById(R.id.crime_suspect);
mSuspectButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
 @Override
 public void onClick(View v) {
  startActivityForResult(pickIntent, REQUEST_CONTACT);
 }
});
...........

@Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
 ...........
 } else if (requestCode == REQUEST_CONTACT && data != null) {
  //在联系人界面选择完毕后，返回的结果中携带了对应的Uri
  Uri contactUri = data.getData();

  String[] queryFields = new String[] {
    ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME,
    //查询联系人对应的contactId
    ContactsContract.Contacts._ID
  };

  Cursor c = getActivity().getContentResolver()
    .query(contactUri, queryFields, null, null, null);

  if (c == null) {
   return;
  }

  try {
   if (c.getCount() == 0) {
    return;
   }

   c.moveToFirst();

   //联系人的名称
   String suspect = c.getString(0);
   mCrime.setSuspect(suspect);
   mSuspectButton.setText(suspect);

   //记录联系人的contactId
   mCrime.setContactId(c.getString(1));
   mDialButton.setEnabled(true);
  } finally {
   c.close();
  }
 }
}

...............
mDialButton = (Button) v.findViewById(R.id.crime_dial);
mDialButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
 @Override
 public void onClick(View v) {
  //SDK >= 23时，定义了Activity.checkSelfPermission方法
  //为了避免对SDK版本的判断，兼容低版本，一般都是使用兼容库中的方法
  //此处使用的是android.support.v4.app.Fragment中的checkSelfPermission
  //对于Activity，可以使用ActivityCompat中的方法
  int hasReadContactsPermission = checkSelfPermission(getContext(),
    android.Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS);

  //判断是否已有对应权限
  //用户主动赋予过一次后，该应用就一直具有该权限，除非在应用管理中撤销
  if (hasReadContactsPermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
   //没有权限，则需要申请权限

   //当用户选择“拒绝权限申请，并不再提示”后，仍可能点击该按键
   //因此需要弹出提示框，提醒用户该功能需要权限
   //这就要用到shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale方法
   if (!shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(android.Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)) {
    showMessageOKCancel("You need to allow access to Contacts",
     new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
      @Override
      public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
       //仍调用兼容库中的方法，申请权限
       requestPermissions(
        new String[] {Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS},
        ASK_READ_CONTACTS_PERMISSION);
       }
      });
    return;
   }

   requestPermissions(new String[] {Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS},
     ASK_READ_CONTACTS_PERMISSION);

   return;
  }

  //有权限则直接获取电话号码，并拨号
  getPhoneNumberAndDial();
 }
});
................

private void showMessageOKCancel(String message, DialogInterface.OnClickListener okListener) {
 new AlertDialog.Builder(getContext())
  .setMessage(message)
  .setPositiveButton("OK", okListener)
  .setNegativeButton("Cancel", null)
  .create()
  .show();
}

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
 switch (requestCode) {
  case ASK_READ_CONTACTS_PERMISSION:
   //由于只申请了一个权限，因此grantResults[0]就是对应权限的申请结果
   if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
     //权限申请成功，则可以获取电话号码并拨号
     getPhoneNumberAndDial();
   } else {
    Toast.makeText(getContext(),
      "READ_CONTACTS Denied",
      Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
      .show();
   }
   return;
  default:
   super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
 }
}

private void getPhoneNumberAndDial() {
 //根据之前获取到的contactId，得到CommonDataKinds.Phone表中的信息
 Cursor c = getActivity().getContentResolver().query(
   ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,
   null,
   ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID + " = ?",
   new String[] {mCrime.getContactId()},
   null);

 if (c == null) {
  return;
 }

 try {
  if (c.getCount() != 0) {
   c.moveToFirst();

   //得到Phone Number对应的indexId
   int index = c.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER);

   //得到phone Number
   String number = c.getString(index);

   Uri realNumber = Uri.parse("tel: " + number);
   //ACTION_DIAL拉起拨号盘拨号，或利用ACTION_CALL直接拨号
   Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL);
   i.setData(realNumber);
   startActivity(i);
  } else {
   Toast.makeText(getContext(), "choose contact again", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  }
 } finally {
  c.close();
 }
}