Swift算法实现逐字翻转字符串的方法示例

Given an input string, reverse the string word by word.
A word is defined as a sequence of non-space characters.
The input string does not contain leading or trailing spaces and the words are always separated by a single space.
For example,
Given s = "the sky is blue",
return "blue is sky the".
Could you do it in-place without allocating extra space?

func _reverseStr( _ chars:inout [Character], _ startIndex:Int, _ endIndex:Int){
 
 var startIndex = startIndex
 var endIndex = endIndex
 
 if startIndex <= endIndex {
  
  let tempChar = chars[endIndex]
  chars[endIndex] = chars[startIndex]
  chars[startIndex] = tempChar
  
  startIndex += 1
  endIndex -= 1
  
  _reverseStr(&chars,startIndex,endIndex)
  
 }
 
}

func reverseWords(_ str:String) -> String{
 
 var chars = [Character](str.characters)
 
 //首先翻转整个字符串所有字符,"the sky is blue" -> "eulb si yks eht"
 _reverseStr(&chars,0,chars.count-1)
 
 //然后翻转每个单词中的字符，"eulb si yks eht" -> "blue is sky the"
 var startIndex = 0
 for endIndex in 0 ..< chars.count {
  if endIndex == chars.count - 1 || chars[endIndex + 1] == " " {
   _reverseStr(&chars, startIndex, endIndex)
   startIndex = endIndex + 2
  }
 }
 
 return String(chars)
}

//翻转指定范围的字符
func _reverseStr( _ chars:inout [Character], _ startIndex:Int, _ endIndex:Int){
 
 var startIndex = startIndex
 var endIndex = endIndex
 
 if startIndex <= endIndex {
  
  let tempChar = chars[endIndex]
  chars[endIndex] = chars[startIndex]
  chars[startIndex] = tempChar
  
  startIndex += 1
  endIndex -= 1
  
  _reverseStr(&chars,startIndex,endIndex)
  
 }
 
}
 
//逐字翻转字符串
func reverseWords(_ str:String) -> String{
 
 var chars = [Character](str.characters)
 
 //首先翻转整个字符串所有字符,"the sky is blue" -> "eulb si yks eht"
 _reverseStr(&chars,0,chars.count-1)
 
 //然后翻转每个单词中的字符，"eulb si yks eht" -> "blue is sky the"
 var startIndex = 0
 for endIndex in 0 ..< chars.count {
  if endIndex == chars.count - 1 || chars[endIndex + 1] == " " {
   _reverseStr(&chars, startIndex, endIndex)
   startIndex = endIndex + 2
  }
 }
 
 return String(chars)
}
 
reverseWords("the sky is blue") //return "blue is sky the"