老生常谈比较排序之归并排序(递归)

package com.algorithm.sort.merge;

import java.util.Arrays;

/**
 * 归并排序（递归）
 * Created by yulinfeng on 2017/6/23.
 */
public class Merge {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    int[] nums = {6, 5, 3, 1, 7, 2, 4};
    nums = mergeSort(nums);
    System.out.println(Arrays.toString(nums));
  }

  /**
   * 归并排序
   * @param nums 待排序数组序列
   * @return 排好序的数组序列
   */
  private static int[] mergeSort(int[] nums) {
    segment(nums, 0, nums.length - 1);
    return nums;
  }

  /**
   * 递归切分待排
   * @param nums 待切分数组
   * @param left 待切分最后第一个元素的索引
   * @param right 待切分数组最后一个元素的索引
   */
  private static void segment(int[] nums, int left, int right) {
    if (left >= right)
      return;
    // 找出中间索引
    int center = (left + right) / 2;
    // 对左边数组进行递归
    segment(nums, left, center);
    // 对右边数组进行递归
    segment(nums, center + 1, right);
    // 合并
    merge(nums, left, center, right);
  }

  /**
   * 两两归并排好序的数组（2路归并）
   * @param nums 带排序数组对象
   * @param left 左边数组的第一个索引
   * @param center 左数组的最后一个索引，center + 1右数组的第一个索引
   * @param right 右数组的最后一个索引
   */
  private static void merge(int[] nums, int left, int center, int right) {
    int[] tmpArray = new int[nums.length];
    int rightIndex = center + 1;  // 右数组第一个元素索引
    int tmpIndex = left;  //临时数组索引
    int begin = left;  // 缓存左数组第一个元素的索引，用于将排好序的数组拷贝回原数组
    while (left <= center && rightIndex <= right) {
      if (nums[left] <= nums[rightIndex]) {
        tmpArray[tmpIndex++] = nums[left++];
      } else {
        tmpArray[tmpIndex++] = nums[rightIndex++];
      }
    }
    while (left <= center) {
      tmpArray[tmpIndex++] = nums[left++];
    }
    while (rightIndex <= right) {
      tmpArray[tmpIndex++] = nums[rightIndex++];
    }
    while (begin <= right) {
      nums[begin] = tmpArray[begin++];
    }
  }
}

#二路归并排序（递归）
def merge_sort(nums):
  segment(nums, 0, len(nums) - 1)
  return nums

#切分待排序数组
def segment(nums, left, right):
  if left >= right:
    return
  center = int((left + right) / 2)
  segment(nums, left, center)
  segment(nums, center + 1, right)
  merge(nums, left, center, right)

#两两归并排好序的数组（二路归并）
def merge(nums, left, center, right):
  tmpArray = [0] * len(nums)
  rightIndex = center + 1   #右数组的第一个元素索引
  tmpIndex = left
  begin = left
  while left <= center and rightIndex <= right:
    if nums[left] <= nums[rightIndex]:
      tmpArray[tmpIndex] = nums[left]
      tmpIndex += 1
      left += 1
    else:
      tmpArray[tmpIndex] = nums[rightIndex]
      tmpIndex += 1
      rightIndex += 1
  while left <= center:
    tmpArray[tmpIndex] = nums[left]
    tmpIndex += 1
    left += 1
  while rightIndex <= right:
    tmpArray[tmpIndex] = nums[rightIndex]
    tmpIndex += 1
    rightIndex += 1
  while begin <= right:
    nums[begin] = tmpArray[begin]
    begin += 1

nums = [6, 5, 3, 1, 7, 2, 4]
nums = merge_sort(nums)
print(nums)