Java语言中cas指令的无锁编程实现实例

public class Counter {
  private volatile int a = 0;
  public synchronized int incrAndGet(int number) {
    this.a += number;
    return a;
  } 
  public synchronized int get() {
    return a;
  }
}

public synchronized int compareAndSwap(int expect, int newValue) {
    int old = this.a;
    if (old == expect) {
      this.a = newValue;
    }
    return old;
  }

private volatile int value;

public final int addAndGet(int delta) {
  for (;;) {
    int current = get();
    int next = current + delta;
    if (compareAndSet(current, next))
      return next;
  }
}

public final boolean compareAndSet(int expect, int update) {
  return unsafe.compareAndSwapInt(this, valueOffset, expect, update);
}

package concurrenttest;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
public class ConcurrentStack<e> {
  AtomicReference<node<e>> top = new AtomicReference<node<e>>();
  public void push(E item) {
    Node<e> newHead = new Node<e>(item);
    Node<e> oldHead;
    while (true) {
      oldHead = top.get();
      newHead.next = oldHead;
      if (top.compareAndSet(oldHead, newHead)) {
        return;
      }
    }
  }
  public E pop() {
    while (true) {
      Node<e> oldHead = top.get();
      if (oldHead == null) {
        return null;
      }
      Node<e> newHead = oldHead.next;
      if (top.compareAndSet(oldHead, newHead)) {
        return oldHead.item;
      }
    }
  }
  private static class Node<e> {
    public final E item;
    public Node<e> next;
     
    public Node(E item) {
      this.item = item;
    }
  }
}

public boolean offer(E e) {
  checkNotNull(e);
  final Node<e> newNode = new Node<e>(e);
  for (Node<e> t = tail, p = t;;) {
    Node<e> q = p.next;
    if (q == null) {
      // p is last node
      if (p.casNext(null, newNode)) {
        // Successful CAS is the linearization point
        // for e to become an element of this queue,
        // and for newNode to become "live".
        if (p != t) // hop two nodes at a time
          casTail(t, newNode); // Failure is OK.
        return true;
      }
      // Lost CAS race to another thread; re-read next
    }
    else if (p == q)
      // We have fallen off list. If tail is unchanged, it
      // will also be off-list, in which case we need to
      // jump to head, from which all live nodes are always
      // reachable. Else the new tail is a better bet.
      p = (t != (t = tail)) ? t : head;
    else
      // Check for tail updates after two hops.
      p = (p != t && t != (t = tail)) ? t : q;
  }
}