Python cookbook(字符串与文本)针对任意多的分隔符拆分字符串操作示例

# example.py
#
# Example of splitting a string on multiple delimiters using a regex
import re #导入正则表达式模块
line = 'asdf fjdk; afed, fjek,asdf,   foo'
# (a) Splitting on space, comma, and semicolon
parts = re.split(r'[;,\s]\s*', line)
print(parts)
# (b) 正则表达式模式中使用“捕获组”，需注意捕获组是否包含在括号中，使用捕获组导致匹配的文本也包含在最终结果中
fields = re.split(r'(;|,|\s)\s*', line)
print(fields)
# (c) 根据上文的分隔字符改进字符串的输出
values = fields[::2]
delimiters = fields[1::2]
delimiters.append('')
print('value =', values)
print('delimiters =', delimiters)
newline = ''.join(v+d for v,d in zip(values, delimiters))
print('newline =', newline)
# (d) 使用非捕获组(?:...)的形式实现用括号对正则表达式模式分组，且不输出分隔符
parts = re.split(r'(?:,|;|\s)\s*', line)
print(parts)

>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>>
['asdf', 'fjdk', 'afed', 'fjek', 'asdf', 'foo']
['asdf', ' ', 'fjdk', ';', 'afed', ',', 'fjek', ',', 'asdf', ',', 'foo']
value = ['asdf', 'fjdk', 'afed', 'fjek', 'asdf', 'foo']
delimiters = [' ', ';', ',', ',', ',', '']
newline = asdf fjdk;afed,fjek,asdf,foo
['asdf', 'fjdk', 'afed', 'fjek', 'asdf', 'foo']
>>>