深入浅析Vue中mixin和extend的区别和使用场景

// 为自定义的选项 'myOption' 注入一个处理器。
   Vue.mixin({
    created: function () {
     var myOption = this.$options.myOption
     if (myOption) {
      console.log(myOption)
     }
    }
   })
   
   new Vue({
    myOption: 'hello!'
   })
   // => "hello!"

// src\core\global-api\mixin.js
 export function initMixin (Vue: GlobalAPI) {
  Vue.mixin = function (mixin: Object) {
   this.options = mergeOptions(this.options, mixin)
   return this
  }
 }
// src\core\instance\index.js
 function Vue (options) {
   if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' &&
   !(this instanceof Vue)
   ) {
   warn('Vue is a constructor and should be called with the `new` keyword')
   }
   this._init(options)
 }
 
 initMixin(Vue)
 ...
 
 export default Vue

Vue.mixin({
    methods: {
      print() {
        console.log(`我是一个通过mixin注入的方法！`)
      }
    }
  })

Vue.mixin({
    mounted() {
      console.log(`${this.$route.name} component mounted!`)
    },
    destroyed() {
      console.log(`${this.$route.name} component destroyed!`)
    }
  })

<div id="mount-point"></div>
// 创建构造器
var Profile = Vue.extend({
 template: '<p>{{firstName}} {{lastName}} aka {{alias}}</p>',
 data: function () {
  return {
   firstName: 'Walter',
   lastName: 'White',
   alias: 'Heisenberg'
  }
 }
})
// 创建 Profile 实例，并挂载到一个元素上。
new Profile().$mount('#mount-point')

Vue.extend = function (extendOptions: Object): Function {
  extendOptions = extendOptions || {}
  const Super = this
  const SuperId = Super.cid
  const cachedCtors = extendOptions._Ctor || (extendOptions._Ctor = {})
  if (cachedCtors[SuperId]) {
   return cachedCtors[SuperId]
  }

  const name = extendOptions.name || Super.options.name
  if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && name) {
   validateComponentName(name)
  }

  const Sub = function VueComponent (options) {
   this._init(options)
  }
  Sub.prototype = Object.create(Super.prototype)
  Sub.prototype.constructor = Sub
  Sub.cid = cid++
  Sub.options = mergeOptions(
   Super.options,
   extendOptions
  )
  Sub['super'] = Super

  // For props and computed properties, we define the proxy getters on
  // the Vue instances at extension time, on the extended prototype. This
  // avoids Object.defineProperty calls for each instance created.
  if (Sub.options.props) {
   initProps(Sub)
  }
  if (Sub.options.computed) {
   initComputed(Sub)
  }

  // allow further extension/mixin/plugin usage
  Sub.extend = Super.extend
  Sub.mixin = Super.mixin
  Sub.use = Super.use

  // create asset registers, so extended classes
  // can have their private assets too.
  ASSET_TYPES.forEach(function (type) {
   Sub[type] = Super[type]
  })
  // enable recursive self-lookup
  if (name) {
   Sub.options.components[name] = Sub
  }

  // keep a reference to the super options at extension time.
  // later at instantiation we can check if Super's options have
  // been updated.
  Sub.superOptions = Super.options
  Sub.extendOptions = extendOptions
  Sub.sealedOptions = extend({}, Sub.options)

  // cache constructor
  cachedCtors[SuperId] = Sub
  return Sub
 }
}

Sub.prototype = Object.create(Super.prototype)
  Sub.prototype.constructor = Sub

Sub.options = mergeOptions(
   Super.options,
   extendOptions
)

const ChildVue = Vue.extend({
  ...options
})

new ChildVue({
  ...options
})