利用C++如何实现一个阻塞队列详解

#include <mutex>
#include <condition_value>
// 互斥量与条件变量
std::mutex m_mutex;
std::condition_value m_condition;

// 请求信号的一方
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
while(xxx)
{
 // 这里会先释放 lock，
 // 如果有信号唤醒的话，会重新加锁。
 m_condition.wait(lock);
}

// 发送消息进行同步的一方
{
 std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
 // 唤醒其他正在 wait 的线程
 m_condition.notify_all();
}

template <typename T>
class BlockingQueue
{
public:
 BlockingQueue();
 void push(T&& value);
 T take();
 size_t size() const;
 
private:
 // 实际使用的数据结构队列
 std::queue<T> m_data;

 // 条件变量
 std::mutex m_mutex;
 std::condition_variable m_condition;
};

 void push(T&& value)
 {
  // 往队列中塞数据前要先加锁
  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
  m_data.push(value);
  // 唤醒正在阻塞的条件变量
  m_condition.notify_all();
 }

 T take()
 {
  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
  while(m_data.empty())
  {
   // 等待
   m_condition.wait(lock);
  }
  assert(!m_data.empty());
  T value(std::move(m_data.front()));
  m_data.pop();

  return value;
 }

#ifndef BLOCKINGQUEUE_H
#define BLOCKINGQUEUE_H

#include <queue>
#include <mutex>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <assert.h>

template <typename T>
class BlockingQueue
{
public:
 BlockingQueue()
  :m_mutex(),
   m_condition(),
   m_data()
 {
 }

 // 禁止拷贝构造
 BlockingQueue(BlockingQueue&) = delete;

 ~BlockingQueue()
 {
 }

 void push(T&& value)
 {
  // 往队列中塞数据前要先加锁
  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
  m_data.push(value);
  m_condition.notify_all();
 }

 void push(const T& value)
 {
  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
  m_data.push(value);
  m_condition.notify_all();
 }

 T take()
 {
  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
  while(m_data.empty())
  {
   m_condition.wait(lock);
  }
  assert(!m_data.empty());
  T value(std::move(m_data.front()));
  m_data.pop();

  return value;
 }

 size_t size() const
 {
  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
  return m_data.size();
 }
private:
 // 实际使用的数据结构队列
 std::queue<T> m_data;

 // 条件变量的锁
 std::mutex m_mutex;
 std::condition_variable m_condition;
};
#endif // BLOCKINGQUEUE_H

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <mutex>
#include <random>

#include <windows.h>

#include <blockingqueue.h>
using namespace std;

int task=100;
BlockingQueue<int> blockingqueue;
std::mutex mutex_cout;

void worker()
{
 int value;
 thread::id this_id = this_thread::get_id();
 while(true)
 {
  value = blockingqueue.take();
  uint64_t sum = 0;
  for(int i = 0; i < value; i++)
  {
   sum += i;
  }

  // 模拟耗时操作
  Sleep(100);

  std::lock_guard<mutex> lock(mutex_cout);
  std::cout << "workder: " << this_id << " "
     << __FUNCTION__
     << " line: " << __LINE__
     << " sum: " << sum
     << std::endl;
 }
}

void master()
{
 srand(time(nullptr));
 for(int i = 0; i < task; i++)
 {
  blockingqueue.push(rand()%10000);
  printf("%s %d %i\n",__FUNCTION__, __LINE__, i);
  Sleep(20);
 }
}

int main()
{
 thread th_master(master);
 std::vector<thread> th_workers;
 for(int i =0; i < 5; i++)
 {
  th_workers.emplace_back(thread(worker));
 }

 th_master.join();
 return 0;
}