Spring-IOC容器中的常用注解与使用方法详解

<dependencies>
        <!--spring的jar包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.11.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.11.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.11.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>       
</dependencies>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
       <!--spring的约束 -->
    <!--把对象的创建交给Spring来管理 -->
    <!--获取容器中对象时使用id-->
   <!-- <bean id="accountServiceImpl" class="com.dynamic2.service.Impl.AccountServiceImpl"></bean>
    <bean id="accountDaoImpl" class="com.dynamic2.dao.Impl.AccountDaoImpl"></bean>-->
 
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.dynamic2"></context:component-scan>
 
</beans>

/**
 * @Author: Promsing
 * @Date: 2021/3/19 - 11:34
 * @Description: 用于创建对象
 * @version： 1.0
 *  XML配置 <bean id="accountServiceImpl" class="com.dynamic2.service.Impl.AccountServiceImpl"></bean>
 */
@Repository("accountDao ")
public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao {
            ......
}
 
@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {
            ......
}
 
@Component("accountServiceImpl")
@Scope("prototype")//多例
public class AccountServiceImpl2 implements IAccountService {
             ......
}

/**
 * @Author: Promsing
 * @Date: 2021/3/19 - 11:34
 * @Description: 用于创建对象
 * @version： 1.0
 *  XML配置 <bean id="accountServiceImpl" class="com.dynamic2.service.Impl.AccountServiceImpl"></bean>
 */
@Component("accountServiceImpl")
@Scope("prototype")//多例
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {
 
  
    //注入成员变量
   /* @Autowired  自动按照类型注入--寻找类型
    @Qualifier("accountDao2")*/ //寻找id
 
    //以上两个注解相加的作用等于这个
    @Resource(name = "accountDao2")
    private IAccountDao accountDao2;
 
    @Override
    public void saveAccount() {
        accountDao2.saveAccount();
        //System.out.println("service中的saveAccount执行了~~");
    }
 
}

@Component("accountServiceImpl")
@Scope("prototype")//多例
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {
 
    ......    
 
}

/**
 * @Author: Promsing
 * @Date: 2021/3/28 - 0:36
 * @Description: Spring配置类
 * @version： 1.0
 */
@Configuration//指定当前类是一个配置类
@ComponentScan("com.dynamic_transaction_anno")//用于指定spring在初始化容器时需要扫描的包
@Import({JdbcConfig.class,TransactionConfig.class})//导入其他配置类
@EnableTransactionManagement//开启spring注解事务的支持
public class SpringConfig {
 
    @Bean("jdbcTemplate")
    public JdbcTemplate createJdbcTemplate(DataSource ds){
        return new JdbcTemplate(ds);
    }
    @Bean("dataSource")
    public DataSource createDataSource(){
        DriverManagerDataSource dr=new DriverManagerDataSource();
        dr.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");//com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
        dr.setUrl("jdbc:mysql//localhost:330b/eesy");
        dr.setUsername("root");
        dr.setPassword("root");
        return dr;
    }
}

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)//替代原有运行器
@ContextConfiguration(classes=SpringConfiguration.class)//指定配置类
public class AccountServiceTest {
    @Test
    public void testFindAll(){
       //执行测试方法
 
    }
}

/**
 * @Author: Promsing
 * @Date: 2021/3/21 - 11:22
 * @Description: 单元测试
 * @version： 1.0
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes=SpringConfiguration.class)
public class AccountServiceTest {
   
      @Resource(name = "accountServiceImpl")
      private IAccountService accountService;
    @Test
    //从容器中获取对象
    public void test(){
        //一、获取容器
        //使用配置文件加载
        ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean3_1.xml");
        //使用配置类加载
      ///  ApplicationContext ac=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfiguration.class);
        //二、获取对象
         accountService=(IAccountService)ac.getBean("accountServiceImpl",IAccountService.class);
        //三、执行方法
        List<Account> allAccounts = accountService.findAllAccount();
        for (Account allAccount : allAccounts) {
            System.out.println(allAccount);
        }
    }
}