spring/springboot整合dubbo详细教程
一、基本使用
需求:
某个电商系统,订单服务需要调用用户服务获取某个用户的所有地址;
我们现在需要创建两个服务模块进行测试
模块 | 功能 |
订单服务web模块 | 创建订单等 |
用户服务service模块 | 查询用户地址等 |
测试预期结果:
订单服务web模块在A服务器,用户服务模块在B服务器,A可以远程调用B的功能。
二、spring整合dubbo
以下使用XML 配置的方式,更多配置方式见官方文档
2.1 spring-common模块:
公共接口层(model,service,exception…),定义公共接口,也可以导入公共依赖
UserAddress.java:用户地址实体类
public class UserAddress implements Serializable { private Integer id; private String userAddress; private String userId; private String consignee; private String phoneNum; private String isDefault; .... }
IOrderService.java:订单接口
public interface IOrderService { /** * 用户下单 * @param userId */ UserAddress placeOrder(int userId); }
IUserService.java:用户接口
public interface IUserService { /** * 根据用户id获取用户地址 * @param userId * @return */ UserAddress getUserAddById(int userId); }
pom.xml:通用的依赖,引入dubbo和zkclient
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>dubboStudy</artifactId> <groupId>org.example</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>spring-common</artifactId> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <!--dubbo --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId> <version>2.5.10</version> </dependency> <!--zookeeper --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId> <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> <version>3.4.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId> <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId> <version>0.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
2.2 spring-user模块:
用户业务,作为服务提供者
pom.xml:引入通用模块,可以使用定义的接口
<dependency> <groupId>org.example</groupId> <artifactId>spring-common</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency>
UserServiceImpl.xml:IUserService的实现类,供远程调用
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService { @Override public UserAddress getUserAddById(int userId) { UserAddress userAddress = new UserAddress(); userAddress.setUserAddress("上海市宝山区"); return userAddress; } }
provider.xml:dubbo配置信息
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"> <!--1、指定当前服务/应用的名字(同样的服务名字相同,不要和别的服务同名)--> <dubbo:application name="spring-user"/> <!--2、指定注册中心的位置--> <!--<dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="127.0.0.1:2181"></dubbo:registry>--> <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.31.136:2181"/> <!--3、指定通信规则(通信协议? 服务端口)--> <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/> <!--4、暴露服务 让别人调用 ref指向服务的真正实现对象--> <bean id="userServiceImpl" class="me.nic.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"/> <!--服务的实现--> <dubbo:service interface="me.nic.service.IUserService" ref="userServiceImpl"/> </beans>
ConsumerRun.java:启动:
public class ConsumerRun { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("consumer.xml"); IOrderService orderService = applicationContext.getBean(IOrderService.class); orderService.placeOrder(1); System.in.read(); } }
2.3 spring-order模块:
订单业务,作为服务消费者
pom.xml:引入通用模块,可以使用定义的接口,同1.2
OrderServiceImpl.xml:IOrderService的实现类,其中远程调用userService
@Service public class OrderServiceImpl implements IOrderService { @Autowired private IUserService userService; @Override public UserAddress placeOrder(int userId) { // 远程调用,获取用户地址 UserAddress userAddById = userService.getUserAddById(userId); // 下单 System.out.println("用户地址:" + userAddById.getUserAddress()); System.out.println("下单成功"); return null; } }
consumer.xml:dubbo配置信息
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"> <!--包扫描--> <context:component-scan base-package="me.nic.service.impl"/> <!--指定当前服务/应用的名字(同样的服务名字相同,不要和别的服务同名)--> <dubbo:application name="spring-order"/> <!--指定注册中心的位置--> <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.31.136:2181"/> <!--调用远程暴露的服务,生成远程服务代理--> <dubbo:reference id="userService" interface="me.nic.service.IUserService"/> </beans>
ProviderRun.java:启动
public class ProviderRun { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:provider.xml"); System.in.read(); } }
2.4 效果
ProviderRun启动之后阻塞,
ConsumerRun启动之后调用orderService.placeOrder(1)
,placeOrder
中远程调用spring-user
模块中的userService.getUserAddById(userId)
获取用户地址:
用户地址:上海市宝山区 下单成功
三、springboot整合dubbo
3.1 boot-common模块:
公共接口层(model,service,exception…),定义公共接口,也可以导入公共依赖
UserAddress.java:用户地址实体类
public class UserAddress implements Serializable { private Integer id; private String userAddress; private String userId; private String consignee; private String phoneNum; private String isDefault; .... }
IOrderService.java:订单接口
public interface IOrderService { /** * 用户下单 * @param userId */ UserAddress placeOrder(int userId); }
IUserService.java:用户接口
public interface IUserService { /** * 根据用户id获取用户地址 * @param userId * @return */ UserAddress getUserAddById(int userId); }
pom.xml:通用的依赖,引入dubbo的starter
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.5.0</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>boot-common</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>boot-common</name> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>0.2.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
3.2 boot-user模块:
用户业务,作为服务提供者
pom.xml:引入通用模块,可以使用定义的接口
<dependency> <groupId>org.example</groupId> <artifactId>spring-common</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency>
UserServiceImpl.xml:IUserService的实现类,供远程调用
@Service
暴露dubbo的服务
@Service @Component public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService { @Override public UserAddress getUserAddById(int userId) { UserAddress userAddress = new UserAddress(); userAddress.setUserAddress("上海市宝山区"); return userAddress; } }
application.properties:dubbo配置信息
dubbo.application.name=boot-user dubbo.registry.address=192.168.31.136:2181 dubbo.registry.protocol=zookeeper dubbo.protocol.name=dubbo dubbo.protocol.port=20880
BootUserApplication.java:启动:
@EnableDubbo
: 开启基于注解的dubbo功能
@EnableDubbo @SpringBootApplication public class BootUserApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(BootUserApplication.class, args); } }
3.3 boot-order模块:
订单业务,作为服务消费者
pom.xml:引入通用模块,可以使用定义的接口,同1.2
<dependency> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>boot-common</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency>
OrderServiceImpl.xml:IOrderService的实现类,其中远程调用userService
@Reference
:引用远程提供者服务
@Service public class OrderServiceImpl implements IOrderService { //引用远程提供者服务 @Reference private IUserService userService; @Override public UserAddress placeOrder(int userId) { // 远程调用,获取用户地址 UserAddress userAddById = userService.getUserAddById(userId); return userAddById; } }
OrderController.java:web接口,调用OrderService:
@Controller public class OrderController { @Autowired IOrderService orderService; @RequestMapping("/initOrder") @ResponseBody public UserAddress initOrder(@RequestParam("uid")int userId) { return orderService.placeOrder(userId); } }
application.properties:dubbo配置信息
server.port=8081 dubbo.application.name=boot-order dubbo.registry.address=zookeeper://192.168.31.136:2181
BootOrderApplication.java:启动
@EnableDubbo @SpringBootApplication public class BootOrderApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(BootOrderApplication.class, args); } }
3.4 效果
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