Java源码解析之ConcurrentHashMap

public V put(K key, V value) {
 
        Segment<K,V> s;
 
        if (value == null)
 
            throw new NullPointerException();
 
        // 二次哈希，以保证数据的分散性，避免哈希冲突
 
        int hash = hash(key.hashCode());
 
        int j = (hash >>> segmentShift) & segmentMask;
 
        if ((s = (Segment<K,V>)UNSAFE.getObject          // nonvolatile; recheck
 
             (segments, (j << SSHIFT) + SBASE)) == null) //  in ensureSegment
 
            s = ensureSegment(j);
 
        return s.put(key, hash, value, false);
 
    }

final V put(K key, int hash, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent) {
 
            // scanAndLockForPut 会去查找是否有 key 相同 Node
 
            // 无论如何，确保获取锁
 
            HashEntry<K,V> node = tryLock() ? null :
 
                scanAndLockForPut(key, hash, value);
 
            V oldValue;
 
            try {
 
                HashEntry<K,V>[] tab = table;
 
                int index = (tab.length - 1) & hash;
 
                HashEntry<K,V> first = entryAt(tab, index);
 
                for (HashEntry<K,V> e = first;;) {
 
                    if (e != null) {
 
                        K k;
 
                        // 更新已有 value...
 
                    }
 
                    else {
 
                        // 放置 HashEntry 到特定位置，如果超过阈值，进行 rehash
 
                        // ...
 
                    }
 
                }
 
            } finally {
 
                unlock();
 
            }
 
            return oldValue;
 
        }

final V putVal(K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent) { if (key == null || value == null) throw new NullPointerException();
 
    int hash = spread(key.hashCode());
 
    int binCount = 0;
 
    for (Node<K,V>[] tab = table;;) {
 
        Node<K,V> f; int n, i, fh; K fk; V fv;
 
        if (tab == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
 
            tab = initTable();
 
        else if ((f = tabAt(tab, i = (n - 1) & hash)) == null) {
 
            // 利用 CAS 去进行无锁线程安全操作，如果 bin 是空的
 
            if (casTabAt(tab, i, null, new Node<K,V>(hash, key, value)))
 
                break;
 
        }
 
        else if ((fh = f.hash) == MOVED)
 
            tab = helpTransfer(tab, f);
 
        else if (onlyIfAbsent // 不加锁，进行检查
 
                 && fh == hash
 
                 && ((fk = f.key) == key || (fk != null && key.equals(fk)))
 
                 && (fv = f.val) != null)
 
            return fv;
 
        else {
 
            V oldVal = null;
 
            synchronized (f) {
 
                   // 细粒度的同步修改操作...
 
                }
 
            }
 
            // Bin 超过阈值，进行树化
 
            if (binCount != 0) {
 
                if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD)
 
                    treeifyBin(tab, i);
 
                if (oldVal != null)
 
                    return oldVal;
 
                break;
 
            }
 
        }
 
    }
 
    addCount(1L, binCount);
 
    return null;
 
}

private final Node<K,V>[] initTable() {
 
    Node<K,V>[] tab; int sc;
 
    while ((tab = table) == null || tab.length == 0) {
 
        // 如果发现冲突，进行 spin 等待
 
        if ((sc = sizeCtl) < 0)
 
            Thread.yield();
 
        // CAS 成功返回 true，则进入真正的初始化逻辑
 
        else if (U.compareAndSetInt(this, SIZECTL, sc, -1)) {
 
            try {
 
                if ((tab = table) == null || tab.length == 0) {
 
                    int n = (sc > 0) ? sc : DEFAULT_CAPACITY;
 
                    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 
                    Node<K,V>[] nt = (Node<K,V>[])new Node<?,?>[n];
 
                    table = tab = nt;
 
                    sc = n - (n >>> 2);
 
                }
 
            } finally {
 
                sizeCtl = sc;
 
            }
 
            break;
 
        }                                                          
 
    }
 
    return tab;
 
}