C语言实现BMP图像处理(彩色图转灰度图)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<windows.h>
 
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
 int bmpHeight;
 int bmpWidth;
 unsigned char *pBmpBuf;
 RGBQUAD *pColorTable;
 int biBitCount;
 
 //读取bmp文件
 FILE *fp = fopen("./02.bmp", "rb");
 if (fp == 0)
  return 0;
 fseek(fp, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), 0);
 
 BITMAPINFOHEADER head;
 fread(&head, 40, 1, fp);
 bmpHeight = head.biHeight;
 bmpWidth = head.biWidth;
 biBitCount = head.biBitCount;
 
 fseek(fp, sizeof(RGBQUAD), 1);
 
 int LineByte = (bmpWidth*biBitCount / 8 + 3) / 4 * 4;//保证每一行字节数都为4的整数倍
 pBmpBuf = new unsigned char[LineByte*bmpHeight];
 fread(pBmpBuf, LineByte*bmpHeight, 1, fp);
 fclose(fp);
 
 //将24位真彩图灰度化并保存
 FILE *fp1 = fopen("gray.bmp", "wb");
 if (fp1 == 0)
  return 0;
 int LineByte1 = (bmpWidth * 8 / 8 + 3) / 4 * 4;
 
 //修改文件头,其中有两项需要修改，分别为bfSize和bfOffBits
 BITMAPFILEHEADER bfhead;
 bfhead.bfType = 0x4D42;
 bfhead.bfSize = 14 + 40 + 256 * sizeof(RGBQUAD)+LineByte1*bmpHeight;//修改文件大小
 bfhead.bfReserved1 = 0;
 bfhead.bfReserved2 = 0;
 bfhead.bfOffBits = 14 + 40 + 256 * sizeof(RGBQUAD);//修改偏移字节数
 fwrite(&bfhead, 14, 1, fp1);    //将修改后的文件头存入fp1；
 
 //修改信息头，其中有两项需要修改，1个位biBitCount:真彩图为24 ，应改成8；另一个是biSizeImage:由于每像素所占位数的变化，所以位图数据的大小发生变化
 BITMAPINFOHEADER head1;
 head1.biBitCount = 8;    //将每像素的位数改为8
 head1.biClrImportant = 0;
 head1.biCompression = 0;
 head1.biClrUsed = 0;
 head1.biHeight = bmpHeight;
 head1.biWidth = bmpWidth;
 head1.biPlanes = 1;
 head1.biSize = 40;
 head1.biSizeImage = LineByte1*bmpHeight;//修改位图数据的大小
 head1.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;
 head1.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;
 fwrite(&head1, 40, 1, fp1);  //将修改后的信息头存入fp1;
 
 pColorTable = new RGBQUAD[256];
 for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++){
  pColorTable[i].rgbRed = i;
  pColorTable[i].rgbGreen = i;
  pColorTable[i].rgbBlue = i; //是颜色表里的B、G、R分量都相等，且等于索引值
 }
 fwrite(pColorTable, sizeof(RGBQUAD), 256, fp1); //将颜色表写入fp1;
 
 //写位图数据
 unsigned char *pBmpBuf1;
 pBmpBuf1 = new unsigned char[LineByte1*bmpHeight];
 for (int i = 0; i < bmpHeight; i++){
  for (int j = 0; j<bmpWidth; j++){
   unsigned char *pb1, *pb2;
   pb1 = pBmpBuf + i*LineByte + j * 3;
   int y = *(pb1)*0.299 + *(pb1 + 1)*0.587 + *(pb1 + 2)*0.114;   //将每一个像素都按公式y=B*0.299+G*0.587+R*0.114进行转化
   pb2 = pBmpBuf1 + i*LineByte1 + j;
   *pb2 = y;
  }
 }
 fwrite(pBmpBuf1, LineByte1*bmpHeight, 1, fp1);
 
 fclose(fp1);
 
 system("pause");
 return 0;
}