SpringBoot从配置文件中获取属性的四种方法总结

user:
  name: Manaphy
  age: 19
  sex: male

@RestController
public class ConfigPropertiesController {
    @Value("${user.name}")
    private String name;
    @Value("${user.age}")
    private Integer age;
    @Value("${user.sex}")
    private String sex;
    @GetMapping("/user")
    public String getUser() {
        return "{name:" + name + ",age:" + age + ",sex:" + sex + "}";
    }
}

/**
 * 将配置文件中配置的每一个属性的值，映射到这个组件中
 * @ConfigurationProperties：告诉SpringBoot将本类中的所有属性和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定;
 * prefix = "person"：配置文件中哪个下面的所有属性进行一一映射
 * 只有这个组件是容器中的组件，才能容器提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能
 */
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Data
public class Person {
    private String lastName;
    private Integer age;
    private Boolean boss;
    private Date birth;
    private Map<String, Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;
}
@Data
class Dog {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
}

@RestController
public class PersonController {
    @Autowired
    private Person person;
    @GetMapping("/person")
    public Person getPerson() {
        return person;
    }
}

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

person.lastName=chen
person.age=22
person.boss=false
person.birth=2017/12/12
person.map1.k1=v1
person.map1.k2=v2
person.map2[k1]=v1
person.map2[k2]=v2
person.list[0]=zhang
person.list[1]=wang
person.list2=zhao,qian,sun,li
person.dog.name=小狗
person.dog.age=12

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
//如果只有一个主配置类文件，@PropertySource可以不写
@PropertySource("classpath:person.properties")
@Data
public class Person {
    private String lastName;
    private Integer age;
    private Boolean boss;
    private Date birth;
    private Map<String, Object> map1;
    private Map<String, Object> map2;
    private List<Object> list;
    private List<Object> list2;
    private Dog dog;
}
@Data
class Dog {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
}

@Configuration
@Slf4j
public class BeanConfiguration {
    @Bean
    public YamlConfigurerUtil ymlConfigurerUtil() {
        //1:加载配置文件
        Resource app = new ClassPathResource("application.yml");
        Resource appDev = new ClassPathResource("application-dev.yml");
        Resource appProd = new ClassPathResource("application-prod.yml");
        YamlPropertiesFactoryBean yamlPropertiesFactoryBean = new YamlPropertiesFactoryBean();
        // 2:将加载的配置文件交给 YamlPropertiesFactoryBean
        yamlPropertiesFactoryBean.setResources(app);
        // 3：将yml转换成 key：val
        Properties properties = yamlPropertiesFactoryBean.getObject();
        String active = null;
        if (properties != null) {
            active = properties.getProperty("spring.profiles.active");
        }
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(active)) {
            log.error("未找到spring.profiles.active配置！");
        } else {
            //判断当前配置是什么环境
            if ("dev".equals(active)) {
                yamlPropertiesFactoryBean.setResources(app, appDev);
            } else if ("prod".equals(active)) {
                yamlPropertiesFactoryBean.setResources(app, appProd);
            }
        }
        // 4: 将Properties 通过构造方法交给我们写的工具类
        return new YamlConfigurerUtil(yamlPropertiesFactoryBean.getObject());
    }
}

public class YamlConfigurerUtil {
    private static Properties ymlProperties = new Properties();
    public YamlConfigurerUtil(Properties properties) {
        ymlProperties = properties;
    }
    public static String getStrYmlVal(String key) {
        return ymlProperties.getProperty(key);
    }
    public static Integer getIntegerYmlVal(String key) {
        return Integer.valueOf(ymlProperties.getProperty(key));
    }
}

@RestController
public class PersonController {
    @GetMapping("/msg")
    public String getMessage() {
        return YamlConfigurerUtil.getStrYmlVal("person.lastName");
    }
}