OpenCV基于距离变换和分水岭实现图像分割

void distanceTransform( 
InputArray src,  
OutputArray dst,
OutputArray labels,
int distanceType,
int maskSize,
int labelType=DIST_LABEL_CCOMP
);

void watershed( InputArray image, InputOutputArray markers );

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
 
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
 
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
	char input_win[] = "input image";
	char watershed_win[] = "watershed segmentation demo";
	Mat src = imread("D:/vcprojects/images/cards.png");
	// Mat src = imread("D:/kuaidi.jpg");
	if (src.empty()) {
		printf("could not load image...\n");
		return -1;
	}
	namedWindow(input_win, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow(input_win, src);
	// 1. change background
	for (int row = 0; row < src.rows; row++) {
		for (int col = 0; col < src.cols; col++) {
			if (src.at<Vec3b>(row, col) == Vec3b(255, 255, 255)) {
				src.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = 0;
				src.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = 0;
				src.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = 0;
			}
		}
	}
	namedWindow("black background", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("black background", src);
 
	// sharpen
	Mat kernel = (Mat_<float>(3, 3) << 1, 1, 1, 1, -8, 1, 1, 1, 1);
	Mat imgLaplance;
	Mat sharpenImg = src;
	filter2D(src, imgLaplance, CV_32F, kernel, Point(-1, -1), 0, BORDER_DEFAULT);
	src.convertTo(sharpenImg, CV_32F);
	Mat resultImg = sharpenImg - imgLaplance;
 
	resultImg.convertTo(resultImg, CV_8UC3);
	imgLaplance.convertTo(imgLaplance, CV_8UC3);
	imshow("sharpen image", resultImg);
	// src = resultImg; // copy back
 
	// convert to binary
	Mat binaryImg;
	cvtColor(src, resultImg, CV_BGR2GRAY);
	threshold(resultImg, binaryImg, 40, 255, THRESH_BINARY | THRESH_OTSU);
	imshow("binary image", binaryImg);
 
	Mat distImg;
	distanceTransform(binaryImg, distImg, DIST_L1, 3, 5);
	normalize(distImg, distImg, 0, 1, NORM_MINMAX);
	imshow("distance result", distImg);
	
	// binary again
	threshold(distImg, distImg, .4, 1, THRESH_BINARY);
	Mat k1 = Mat::ones(13, 13, CV_8UC1);
	erode(distImg, distImg, k1, Point(-1, -1));
	imshow("distance binary image", distImg);
 
	// markers 
	Mat dist_8u;
	distImg.convertTo(dist_8u, CV_8U);
	vector<vector<Point>> contours;
	findContours(dist_8u, contours, RETR_EXTERNAL, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(0, 0));
 
	// create makers
	Mat markers = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_32SC1);
	for (size_t i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++) {
		drawContours(markers, contours, static_cast<int>(i), Scalar::all(static_cast<int>(i) + 1), -1);
	}
	circle(markers, Point(5, 5), 3, Scalar(255, 255, 255), -1);
	imshow("my markers", markers*1000);
 
	// perform watershed
	watershed(src, markers);
	Mat mark = Mat::zeros(markers.size(), CV_8UC1);
	markers.convertTo(mark, CV_8UC1);
	bitwise_not(mark, mark, Mat());
	imshow("watershed image", mark);
 
	// generate random color
	vector<Vec3b> colors;
	for (size_t i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++) {
		int r = theRNG().uniform(0, 255);
		int g = theRNG().uniform(0, 255);
		int b = theRNG().uniform(0, 255);
		colors.push_back(Vec3b((uchar)b, (uchar)g, (uchar)r));
	}
 
	// fill with color and display final result
	Mat dst = Mat::zeros(markers.size(), CV_8UC3);
	for (int row = 0; row < markers.rows; row++) {
		for (int col = 0; col < markers.cols; col++) {
			int index = markers.at<int>(row, col);
			if (index > 0 && index <= static_cast<int>(contours.size())) {
				dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col) = colors[index - 1];
			}
			else {
				dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col) = Vec3b(0, 0, 0);
			}
		}
	}
	imshow("Final Result", dst);
 
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}