一文带你解读Java序列化和反序列化机制

// Dog类需要实现Serializable接口才可以支持序列化操作
class Dog implements Serializable {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Dog(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Dog{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

/**
 * ObjectOutputStream进行序列化
 */
@Test
public void Out() throws IOException {
    String filePath = "D:\\data.dat";
    ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(filePath));
    oos.write(100);
    oos.writeBoolean(true);
    oos.writeChar('a');
    oos.writeDouble(5.21);
    oos.writeUTF("IMUSTCTF");
    oos.writeObject(new Dog("旺财",1));
    oos.close();
    System.out.println("数据序列化成功！");
}

/**
 * ObjectInputStream反序列化
 */
@Test
public void Input() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
    String filePath = "D:\\data.dat";
    ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(filePath));
    // 开始读取bat文件
    // 注意：读取顺序要和序列化时的顺序一致！
    System.out.println(ois.readInt());
    System.out.println(ois.readBoolean());
    System.out.println(ois.readChar());
    System.out.println(ois.readDouble());
    System.out.println(ois.readUTF());
    Object dog = ois.readObject();
    System.out.println(dog);
    // 访问dog的私有属性
    Dog dd = (Dog) dog;
    System.out.println(dd.getName());
    // 关闭外层流
    ois.close();
}

@Serial
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;