Android实现获取短信验证码并自动填充

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />

String[] smsPermission = {Manifest.permission.READ_SMS, Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS};

// 读取一下试试，能读取到就有权限
boolean flag = false;
try {
    Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://sms/inbox");
    ContentResolver cr = context.getContentResolver();
    String[] projection = new String[]{"_id"};
    Cursor cur = cr.query(uri, projection, null, null, "date desc");
    if (null != cur) {
        cur.close();
    }
    lag = true;
}catch (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.telephony.SmsMessage;
import android.util.Log;

public class SmsReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        //Toast.makeText(context, "收到信息", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        Log.d("SmsReceiver", "onReceive: " + intent.getAction());
        if(intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED")){
            //intent.getExtras()方法就是从过滤后的意图中获取携带的数据，
            // 这里携带的是以“pdus”为key、短信内容为value的键值对
            // android设备接收到的SMS是pdu形式的
            Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
            SmsMessage msg;
            if (null != bundle){
                //生成一个数组，将短信内容赋值进去
                Object[] smsObg = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
                //遍历pdus数组，将每一次访问得到的数据方法object中
                for (Object object:smsObg){
                    //获取短信
                    msg = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[])object);
                    //获取短信内容
                    String content = msg.getDisplayMessageBody();
                    Log.d("SmsReceiver", "onReceive: content = " + content);
                    //获取短信发送方地址
                    String from = msg.getOriginatingAddress();
                    Log.d("SmsReceiver", "onReceive: from = " + from);

                    // TODO ...
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

// 使用广播进行监听
IntentFilter smsFilter = new IntentFilter();
smsFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
smsFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_DELIVER");
if (smsReceiver == null) {
    smsReceiver = new SmsReceiver();
}
smsReceiver.setCallbackContext(callbackContext);
context.registerReceiver(smsReceiver, smsFilter);

context.unregisterReceiver(smsReceiver);

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.ContentObserver;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.provider.Telephony;
import android.util.Log;

import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;

@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
public class ReadSmsObserver extends ContentObserver {

    private final Context context;

    public ReadSmsObserver(Handler handler, Context context) {
        super(handler);
        this.context = context;
    }

    private static final String SMS_INBOX_URI = "content://sms/inbox";//API level>=23,可直接使用Telephony.Sms.Inbox.CONTENT_URI，用于获取cusor
    // private static final String SMS_URI = "content://sms";//API level>=23,可直接使用Telephony.Sms.CONTENT_URI,用于注册内容观察者
    private static final String[] PROJECTION = new String[]{
            Telephony.Sms._ID,
            Telephony.Sms.ADDRESS,
            Telephony.Sms.BODY,
            Telephony.Sms.DATE
    };

    @Override
    public void onChange(boolean selfChange, Uri uri) {
        super.onChange(selfChange);
        Log.d("ReadSmsObserver", "onChange: ");
        // 当收到短信时调用一次，当短信显示到屏幕上时又调用一次，所以需要return掉一次调用
        if(uri.toString().equals("content://sms/raw")){
            return;
        }
        // 读取短信收件箱，只读取未读短信，即read=0，并按照默认排序
        Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(Uri.parse(SMS_INBOX_URI), PROJECTION,
                Telephony.Sms.READ + "=?", new String[]{"0"}, Telephony.Sms.Inbox.DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER);
        if (cursor == null) return;
        // 获取倒序的第一条短信
        if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
            // 读取短信发送人
            String address = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Telephony.Sms.ADDRESS));
            Log.d("ReadSmsObserver", "onChange: address = " + address);
            // 读取短息内容
            String smsBody = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Telephony.Sms.BODY));
            Log.d("ReadSmsObserver", "onChange: smsBody = " + smsBody);
            
            // TODO 传递出去,最好切下线程

        }
        // 关闭cursor的方法
        cursor.close();
    }
}

// 使用ContentResolver进行监听
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
    if (smsObserver == null) {
        smsObserver = new ReadSmsObserver(new SmsHandler(), context);
    }
    smsObserver.setCallbackContext(callbackContext);
    context.getContentResolver().registerContentObserver(
        Uri.parse("content://sms/"), true, smsObserver);
}

context.getContentResolver().unregisterContentObserver(smsObserver);