java中的Io(input与output)操作总结(一)

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args ) {
//创建要操作的文件路径和名称
//其中，File.separator表示系统相关的分隔符，Linux下为：/ Windows下为：\\
String path = File.separator + "home" + File.separator + "siu" +
File.separator + "work" + File.separator + "demo.txt";
//由于IO操作会抛出异常，因此在try语句块的外部定义FileWriter的引用
FileWriter w = null;
try {
//以path为路径创建一个新的FileWriter对象
//如果需要追加数据，而不是覆盖，则使用FileWriter（path，true）构造方法
w = new FileWriter(path);
//将字符串写入到流中，\r\n表示换行想有好的
w.write("Nerxious is a good boy\r\n");
//如果想马上看到写入效果，则需要调用w.flush()方法
w.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
//如果前面发生异常，那么是无法产生w对象的
//因此要做出判断，以免发生空指针异常
if(w != null) {
try {
//关闭流资源，需要再次捕捉异常
w.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Demo2 {
public static void main(String[] args ) {
String path = File.separator + "home" + File.separator + "siu" +
File.separator + "work" + File.separator + "demo.txt";
FileReader r = null;
try {
r = new FileReader(path);
//方式一：读取单个字符的方式
//每读取一次，向下移动一个字符单位
int temp1 = r.read();
System.out.println((char)temp1);
int temp2 = r.read();
System.out.println((char)temp2);
//方式二：循环读取
//read()方法读到文件末尾会返回-1
/*
while (true) {
int temp = r.read();
if (temp == -1) {
break;
}
System.out.print((char)temp);
}
*/
//方式三：循环读取的简化操作
//单个字符读取，当temp不等于-1的时候打印字符
/*int temp = 0;
while ((temp = r.read()) != -1) {
System.out.print((char)temp);
}
*/
//方式四：读入到字符数组
/*
char[] buf = new char[1024];
int temp = r.read(buf);
//将数组转化为字符串打印,后面参数的意思是
//如果字符数组未满，转化成字符串打印后尾部也许会出现其他字符
//因此，读取的字符有多少个，就转化多少为字符串
System.out.println(new String(buf,0,temp));
*/
//方式五：读入到字符数组的优化
//由于有时候文件太大，无法确定需要定义的数组大小
//因此一般定义数组长度为1024，采用循环的方式读入
/*
char[] buf = new char[1024];
int temp = 0;
while((temp = r.read(buf)) != -1) {
System.out.print(new String(buf,0,temp));
}
*/
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if(r != null) {
try {
r.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args ) {
String doc = File.separator + "home" + File.separator + "siu" +
File.separator + "work" + File.separator + "demo.txt";
String copy = File.separator + "home" + File.separator + "siu" +
File.separator + "life" + File.separator + "lrc.txt";
FileReader r = null;
FileWriter w = null;
try {
r = new FileReader(doc);
w = new FileWriter(copy);
//方式一：单个字符写入
int temp = 0;
while((temp = r.read()) != -1) {
w.write(temp);
}
//方式二：字符数组方式写入
/*
char[] buf = new char[1024];
int temp = 0;
while ((temp = r.read(buf)) != -1) {
w.write(new String(buf,0,temp));
}
*/
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
//分别判断是否空指针引用，然后关闭流
if(r != null) {
try {
r.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(w != null) {
try {
w.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args ) {
String doc = File.separator + "home" + File.separator + "siu" +
File.separator + "work" + File.separator + "demo.txt";
String copy = File.separator + "home" + File.separator + "siu" +
File.separator + "life" + File.separator + "lrc.txt";
FileReader r = null;
FileWriter w = null;
//创建缓冲区的引用
BufferedReader br = null;
BufferedWriter bw = null;
try {
r = new FileReader(doc);
w = new FileWriter(copy);
//创建缓冲区对象
//将需要提高效率的FileReader和FileWriter对象放入其构造函数内
//当然，也可以使用匿名对象的方式 br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(doc));
br = new BufferedReader(r);
bw = new BufferedWriter(w);
String line = null;
//读取行，直到返回null
//readLine()方法只返回换行符之前的数据
while((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
//使用BufferWriter对象的写入方法
bw.write(line);
//写完文件内容之后换行
//newLine()方法依据平台而定
//windows下的换行是\r\n
//Linux下则是\n
bw.newLine();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
//此处不再需要捕捉FileReader和FileWriter对象的异常
//关闭缓冲区就是关闭缓冲区中的流对象
if(br != null) {
try {
r.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(bw != null) {
try {
bw.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args ) {
String path = File.separator + "home" + File.separator + "siu" +
File.separator + "work" + File.separator + "demo.txt";
FileOutputStream o = null;
try {
o = new FileOutputStream(path);
String str = "Nerxious is a good boy\r\n";
byte[] buf = str.getBytes();
//也可以直接使用o.write("String".getBytes());
//因为字符串就是一个对象，能直接调用方法
o.write(buf);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if(o != null) {
try {
o.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args ) {
String path = File.separator + "home" + File.separator + "siu" +
File.separator + "work" + File.separator + "demo.txt";
FileInputStream i = null;
try {
i = new FileInputStream(path);
//方式一：单个字符读取
//需要注意的是，此处我用英文文本测试效果良好
//但中文就悲剧了，不过下面两个方法效果良好
int ch = 0;
while((ch=i.read()) != -1){
System.out.print((char)ch);
}
//方式二：数组循环读取
/*
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while((len = i.read(buf)) != -1) {
System.out.println(new String(buf,0,len));
}
*/
//方式三：标准大小的数组读取
/*
//定一个一个刚好大小的数组
//available()方法返回文件的字节数
//但是，如果文件过大，内存溢出，那就悲剧了
//所以，亲们要慎用！！！上面那个方法就不错
byte[] buf = new byte[i.available()];
i.read(buf);
//因为数组大小刚好，所以转换为字符串时无需在构造函数中设置起始点
System.out.println(new String(buf));
*/
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if(i != null) {
try {
i.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args ) {
String bin = File.separator + "home" + File.separator + "siu" +
File.separator + "work" + File.separator + "一个人生活.mp3";
String copy = File.separator + "home" + File.separator + "siu" +
File.separator + "life" + File.separator + "一个人生活.mp3";
FileInputStream i = null;
FileOutputStream o = null;
try {
i = new FileInputStream(bin);
o = new FileOutputStream(copy);
//循环的方式读入写出文件，从而完成复制
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int temp = 0;
while((temp = i.read(buf)) != -1) {
o.write(buf, 0, temp);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if(i != null) {
try {
i.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(o != null) {
try {
o.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args ) {
String bin = File.separator + "home" + File.separator + "siu" +
File.separator + "work" + File.separator + "一个人生活.mp3";
String copy = File.separator + "home" + File.separator + "siu" +
File.separator + "life" + File.separator + "一个人生活.mp3";
FileInputStream i = null;
FileOutputStream o = null;
BufferedInputStream bi = null;
BufferedOutputStream bo = null;
try {
i = new FileInputStream(bin);
o = new FileOutputStream(copy);
bi = new BufferedInputStream(i);
bo = new BufferedOutputStream(o);
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int temp = 0;
while((temp = bi.read(buf)) != -1) {
bo.write(buf,0,temp);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if(bi != null) {
try {
i.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(bo != null) {
try {
o.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}