使用JAVA实现http通信详解

@WebServlet(urlPatterns={"/demo.do"})
public class DemoServlet extends HttpServlet {

  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

  public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
      throws ServletException, IOException {

    request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
    response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
    String name = request.getParameter("name");
    String age = request.getParameter("age");
    PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
    pw.print("您使用GET方式请求该Servlet。<br />" + "name = " + name + ",age = " + age);
    pw.flush();
    pw.close();
  }

  public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
      throws ServletException, IOException {

    request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
    response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
    String name = request.getParameter("name");
    String age = request.getParameter("age");
    PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
    pw.print("您使用POST方式请求该Servlet。<br />" + "name = " + name + ",age = " + age);
    pw.flush();
    pw.close();
  }

}

public void get() throws Exception{

  URL url = new URL("http://127.0.0.1/http/demo.do?name=Jack&age=10");
  URLConnection urlConnection = url.openConnection();                          // 打开连接
  BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(urlConnection.getInputStream(),"utf-8")); // 获取输入流
  String line = null;
  StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
  while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
    sb.append(line + "\n");
  }

  System.out.println(sb.toString());
}

public void post() throws IOException{

  URL url = new URL("http://127.0.0.1/http/demo.do");
  HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

  httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
  httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);    // 设置该连接是可以输出的
  httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST"); // 设置请求方式
  httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("charset", "utf-8");

  PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new BufferedOutputStream(httpURLConnection.getOutputStream()));
  pw.write("name=welcome");          // 向连接中输出数据（相当于发送数据给服务器）
  pw.write("&age=14");
  pw.flush();
  pw.close();

  BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpURLConnection.getInputStream(),"utf-8"));
  String line = null;
  StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
  while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {  // 读取数据
    sb.append(line + "\n");
  }

  System.out.println(sb.toString());
}

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
  <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
  <version>4.3.6</version>
</dependency>

public void httpclientGet() throws Exception{

  // 创建HttpClient对象
  HttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();

  // 创建GET请求（在构造器中传入URL字符串即可）
  HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://127.0.0.1/http/demo.do?name=admin&age=40");

  // 调用HttpClient对象的execute方法获得响应
  HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);

  // 调用HttpResponse对象的getEntity方法得到响应实体
  HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();

  // 使用EntityUtils工具类得到响应的字符串表示
  String result = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8");
  System.out.println(result);
}

public void httpclientPost() throws Exception{

  // 创建HttpClient对象
  HttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();

  // 创建POST请求
  HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://127.0.0.1/http/demo.do");

  // 创建一个List容器，用于存放基本键值对（基本键值对即：参数名-参数值）
  List<BasicNameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<>();
  parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "张三"));
  parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("age", "25"));

  // 向POST请求中添加消息实体
  post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters, "utf-8"));

  // 得到响应并转化成字符串
  HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
  HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
  String result = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8");
  System.out.println(result);
}