详解C++中的函数调用和下标以及成员访问运算符的重载

primary-expression ( expression-list )

Point pt;
pt( 3, 2 );

// function_call.cpp
class Point
{
public:
  Point() { _x = _y = 0; }
  Point &operator()( int dx, int dy )
    { _x += dx; _y += dy; return *this; }
private:
  int _x, _y;
};

int main()
{
  Point pt;
  pt( 3, 2 );
}

typedef void(*ptf)();
void func()
{
}
struct S
{
  operator ptf()
  {
   return func;
  }
};

int main()
{
  S s;
  s();//operates as s.operator ptf()()
}

// subscripting.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
class IntVector {
public:
  IntVector( int cElements );
  ~IntVector() { delete [] _iElements; }
  int& operator[]( int nSubscript );
private:
  int *_iElements;
  int _iUpperBound;
};

// Construct an IntVector.
IntVector::IntVector( int cElements ) {
  _iElements = new int[cElements];
  _iUpperBound = cElements;
}

// Subscript operator for IntVector.
int& IntVector::operator[]( int nSubscript ) {
  static int iErr = -1;

  if( nSubscript >= 0 && nSubscript < _iUpperBound )
   return _iElements[nSubscript];
  else {
   clog << "Array bounds violation." << endl;
   return iErr;
  }
}

// Test the IntVector class.
int main() {
  IntVector v( 10 );
  int i;

  for( i = 0; i <= 10; ++i )
   v[i] = i;

  v[3] = v[9];

  for ( i = 0; i <= 10; ++i )
   cout << "Element: [" << i << "] = " << v[i] << endl;
}
Array bounds violation.
Element: [0] = 0
Element: [1] = 1
Element: [2] = 2
Element: [3] = 9
Element: [4] = 4
Element: [5] = 5
Element: [6] = 6
Element: [7] = 7
Element: [8] = 8
Element: [9] = 9
Array bounds violation.
Element: [10] = 10

class-type *operator–>()