Java异常分类及统一处理详解

<error-page>
 <error-code>404</error-code>
 <location>/WEB-INF/views/error/404.jsp</location>
 </error-page>
 
 <error-page>
 <error-code>500</error-code>
 <location>/WEB-INF/views/error/500.jsp</location>
 </error-page> 
 
 <error-page>
 <exception-type>java.lang.Throwable</exception-type>
 <location>/WEB-INF/views/error/throwable.jsp</location>
 </error-page>

 <!-- 将Controller抛出的异常转到特定视图 -->
 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
  <property name="exceptionMappings">
   <props>
    <!-- 不同异常分开跳转--> 
    <!-- 可以自定义不同的异常-->    
    <prop key="com.test.MyException1">/error/e1</prop>
    <prop key="com.test.MyException2">/error/e2</prop>
    <!-- 如果不想自定义异常，只配置下面的即可--> 
    <prop key="java.lang.Throwable">/error/500</prop>
   </props>
  </property>
 </bean>

/**
 * 自定义异常处理器：支持ajax
 * @author wangxu
 *
 */
public class MyExceptionHandler implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
 
 public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest request,
 HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) {
 
 /* 区分ajax */
 boolean isAjax = request.getHeader("X-Requested-With") != null
 && "XMLHttpRequest".equals(request
  .getHeader("X-Requested-With").toString());
 if (!isAjax) {
 if (ex instanceof com.test.MyException1) {
 return new ModelAndView("/error/e1");
 } else if (ex instanceof com.test.MyException1) {
 return new ModelAndView("/error/e2");
 } else {
 return new ModelAndView("/error/500");
 }
 }
 String jsonRes = "{\"message\":\"" + "系统异常" + "\"}";// 自定义结构和前台对接
 PrintWriter out = null;
 try {
 out = response.getWriter();
 request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
 response.setContentType("text/plain;charset=utf-8");
 out.print(jsonRes);
 out.flush();
 } catch (IOException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } finally {
 out.close();
 }
 return null;
 }
}

@Controller
public class TestExceptionHandlerController {
 
 @ExceptionHandler({ MyException1.class })
 public String exception(MyException1 e) {
 return "/error/e1";
 }
 @RequestMapping("/marry")
 public void test() {
 throw new MyException1("没钱！");
 }
}