详解Nginx HTTP负载均衡和反向代理配置

[root@data conf]# vim nginx.conf 
user www www; 
worker_processes 10; 
  
error_log /var/log/nginx/nginx_error.log; 
  
pid    logs/nginx.pid; 
  
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535 
events { 
  use epoll; 
  worker_connections 65535; 
} 
  
http { 
  include    mime.types; 
  default_type application/octet-stream; 
   
  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; 
  client_header_buffer_size 32k; 
  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; 
  sendfile    on; 
  tcp_nopush   on; 
  
  keepalive_timeout 65; 
  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300; 
  fastcgi_send_timeout 300; 
  fastcgi_read_timeout 300; 
  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k; 
  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k; 
  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; 
  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k; 
  
  gzip on; 
  gzip_min_length 1k; 
  gzip_buffers   4 16k; 
  gzip_http_version 1.0; 
  gzip_comp_level 2; 
  gzip_types    text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; 
  gzip_vary on; 
  
  client_max_body_size 300m;  #允许客户端请求的最大单个文件字节数 
  client_body_buffer_size 128k; #缓冲区代理缓冲用户端请求的最大字节数 
  proxy_connect_timeout 600;  #跟后端服务器连接超时时间，发起握手等候响应超时时间 
  proxy_read_timeout  600;  #连接成功后，等候后端服务器响应时间，在后端排队中等候 
  proxy_send_timeout 600; #后端服务器数据回传时间，就是在规定时间内后端服务器必须传完所有数 
  proxy_buffer_size 16k; #代理请求缓存区，这个缓存区间会保存用户的信息以供nginx进行规则处理，一般只要能保存下头信息即可 
  proxy_buffers 4 32k; #同上，告诉nginx保存单个用的几个Buffer最大用多大空间 
  proxy_busy_buffers_size 54k; #如果系统很忙可以申请用的几个更大的proxy_buffer 
  proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; #缓存临时文件大小 
  
  upstream php_server_pool { 
  server 192.168.1.100:80 weight=4 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; 
  server 192.168.1.101:80 weight=4 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; 
  server 192.168.1.102:80 weight=4 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; 
} 
  upstream message_server_pool { 
  server 192.168.1.103:3245; 
  server 192.168.1.104:3245 down; 
} 
  upstream bbs_server_pool { 
  server 192.168.1.105:80 weight=4 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; 
  server 192.168.1.106:80 weight=4 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; 
  server 192.168.1.107:80 weight=4 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; 
  server 192.168.1.108:80 weight=4 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; 
} 
#第一个虚拟主机，反向代理php_server_pool这组服务器 
  server { 
    listen    80; 
    server_name www.chlinux.net; 
    access_log /var/log/nginx/www.chlinux.net_access.log main; 
    location / { 
#如果后端服务器返回502、504、执行超时等错误，自动将请求转发到upstream负载均衡池中的另一台服务器，实现故障转移。 
   proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; 
   proxy_pass http://php_server_pool; 
   proxy_set_header Host www.chlinux.net; 
   proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr; 
    } 
  } 
#第二个虚拟主机 
  server { 
    listen    80; 
    server_name bbs.chlinux.net; 
    access_log /var/log/nginx/www.chlinux.net_access.log main; 
#访问http://bbs.chlinux.net/message/***地址，反向代理message_server_pool这组服务器 
    location /message/ { 
     proxy_pass http://message_server_pool; 
     proxy_set_header Host $host; 
    }   
#访问除了/message/之外的http://bbs.chlinux.net/***地址，反向代理php_server_pool这组服务器 
  location /message/ { 
     proxy_pass http://bbs_server_pool; 
     proxy_set_header Host $host; 
   proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr; 
    }   
   } 
#第三个虚拟主机 
  server { 
    listen    80; 
    server_name forum.chlinux.net; 
    access_log /var/log/nginx/www.chlinux.net_access.log main; 
    location / { 
  
     proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; 
     proxy_pass http://php_server_pool; 
     proxy_set_header Host www.chlinux.net; 
     proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr; 
    } 
  } 
}