关于ReentrantLock原理全面解读

private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
public void test(){
    lock.lock();
    try{
        doSomeThing();
    }catch (Exception e){
        // ignored
    }finally {
        lock.unlock();
    }
}

public ReentrantLock() {
    sync = new NonfairSync();
}
public ReentrantLock(boolean fair) {
    sync = fair ? new FairSync() : new NonfairSync();
}

final void lock() {
    if (compareAndSetState(0, 1))
        setExclusiveOwnerThread(Thread.currentThread());
    else
        acquire(1);
}

public final void acquire(int arg) {
    if (!tryAcquire(arg) &&
        acquireQueued(addWaiter(Node.EXCLUSIVE), arg))
        selfInterrupt();
}

tryAcquire(arg)
final boolean nonfairTryAcquire(int acquires) {
    //获取当前线程
    final Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
    //获取state变量值
    int c = getState();
    if (c == 0) { //没有线程占用锁
        if (compareAndSetState(0, acquires)) {
            //占用锁成功,设置独占线程为当前线程
            setExclusiveOwnerThread(current);
            return true;
        }
    } else if (current == getExclusiveOwnerThread()) { //当前线程已经占用该锁
        int nextc = c + acquires;
        if (nextc < 0) // overflow
            throw new Error("Maximum lock count exceeded");
        // 更新state值为新的重入次数
        setState(nextc);
        return true;
    }
    //获取锁失败
    return false;
}

/**
 * 将新节点和当前线程关联并且入队列
 * @param mode 独占/共享
 * @return 新节点
 */
private Node addWaiter(Node mode) {
    //初始化节点,设置关联线程和模式(独占 or 共享)
    Node node = new Node(Thread.currentThread(), mode);
    // 获取尾节点引用
    Node pred = tail;
    // 尾节点不为空,说明队列已经初始化过
    if (pred != null) {
        node.prev = pred;
        // 设置新节点为尾节点
        if (compareAndSetTail(pred, node)) {
            pred.next = node;
            return node;
        }
    }
    // 尾节点为空,说明队列还未初始化,需要初始化head节点并入队新节点
    enq(node);
    return node;
}

/**
 * 初始化队列并且入队新节点
 */
private Node enq(final Node node) {
    //开始自旋
    for (;;) {
        Node t = tail;
        if (t == null) { // Must initialize
            // 如果tail为空,则新建一个head节点,并且tail指向head
            if (compareAndSetHead(new Node()))
                tail = head;
        } else {
            node.prev = t;
            // tail不为空,将新节点入队
            if (compareAndSetTail(t, node)) {
                t.next = node;
                return t;
            }
        }
    }
}

/**
 * 已经入队的线程尝试获取锁
 */
final boolean acquireQueued(final Node node, int arg) {
    boolean failed = true; //标记是否成功获取锁
    try {
        boolean interrupted = false; //标记线程是否被中断过
        for (;;) {
            final Node p = node.predecessor(); //获取前驱节点
            //如果前驱是head,即该结点已成老二，那么便有资格去尝试获取锁
            if (p == head && tryAcquire(arg)) {
                setHead(node); // 获取成功,将当前节点设置为head节点
                p.next = null; // 原head节点出队,在某个时间点被GC回收
                failed = false; //获取成功
                return interrupted; //返回是否被中断过
            }
            // 判断获取失败后是否可以挂起,若可以则挂起
            if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) &&
                    parkAndCheckInterrupt())
                // 线程若被中断,设置interrupted为true
                interrupted = true;
        }
    } finally {
        if (failed)
            cancelAcquire(node);
    }
}

/**
 * 判断当前线程获取锁失败之后是否需要挂起.
 */
private static boolean shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(Node pred, Node node) {
    //前驱节点的状态
    int ws = pred.waitStatus;
    if (ws == Node.SIGNAL)
        // 前驱节点状态为signal,返回true
        return true;
    // 前驱节点状态为CANCELLED
    if (ws > 0) {
        // 从队尾向前寻找第一个状态不为CANCELLED的节点
        do {
            node.prev = pred = pred.prev;
        } while (pred.waitStatus > 0);
        pred.next = node;
    } else {
        // 将前驱节点的状态设置为SIGNAL
        compareAndSetWaitStatus(pred, ws, Node.SIGNAL);
    }
    return false;
}
/**
 * 挂起当前线程,返回线程中断状态并重置
 */
private final boolean parkAndCheckInterrupt() {
    LockSupport.park(this);
    return Thread.interrupted();
}

public void unlock() {
    sync.release(1);
}
public final boolean release(int arg) {
    if (tryRelease(arg)) {
        Node h = head;
        if (h != null && h.waitStatus != 0)
            unparkSuccessor(h);
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

/** * 释放当前线程占用的锁 * @param releases * @return 是否释放成功 */protected final boolean tryRelease(int releases) {    // 计算释放后state值    int c = getState() - releases;    // 如果不是当前线程占用锁,那么抛出异常    if (Thread.currentThread() != getExclusiveOwnerThread())        throw new IllegalMonitorStateException();    boolean free = false;    if (c == 0) {        // 锁被重入次数为0,表示释放成功        free = true;        // 清空独占线程        setExclusiveOwnerThread(null);    }    // 更新state值    setState(c);    return free;}/**
 * 释放当前线程占用的锁
 * @param releases
 * @return 是否释放成功
 */
protected final boolean tryRelease(int releases) {
    // 计算释放后state值
    int c = getState() - releases;
    // 如果不是当前线程占用锁,那么抛出异常
    if (Thread.currentThread() != getExclusiveOwnerThread())
        throw new IllegalMonitorStateException();
    boolean free = false;
    if (c == 0) {
        // 锁被重入次数为0,表示释放成功
        free = true;
        // 清空独占线程
        setExclusiveOwnerThread(null);
    }
    // 更新state值
    setState(c);
    return free;
}

 public boolean tryLock(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
        throws InterruptedException {
    return sync.tryAcquireNanos(1, unit.toNanos(timeout));
}

public final boolean tryAcquireNanos(int arg, long nanosTimeout)
        throws InterruptedException {
    if (Thread.interrupted())
        throw new InterruptedException();
    return tryAcquire(arg) ||
        doAcquireNanos(arg, nanosTimeout);
}

/**
 * 在有限的时间内去竞争锁
 * @return 是否获取成功
 */
private boolean doAcquireNanos(int arg, long nanosTimeout)
        throws InterruptedException {
    // 起始时间
    long lastTime = System.nanoTime();
    // 线程入队
    final Node node = addWaiter(Node.EXCLUSIVE);
    boolean failed = true;
    try {
        // 又是自旋!
        for (;;) {
            // 获取前驱节点
            final Node p = node.predecessor();
            // 如果前驱是头节点并且占用锁成功,则将当前节点变成头结点
            if (p == head && tryAcquire(arg)) {
                setHead(node);
                p.next = null; // help GC
                failed = false;
                return true;
            }
            // 如果已经超时,返回false
            if (nanosTimeout <= 0)
                return false;
            // 超时时间未到,且需要挂起
            if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) &&
                    nanosTimeout > spinForTimeoutThreshold)
                // 阻塞当前线程直到超时时间到期
                LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanosTimeout);
            long now = System.nanoTime();
            // 更新nanosTimeout
            nanosTimeout -= now - lastTime;
            lastTime = now;
            if (Thread.interrupted())
                //相应中断
                throw new InterruptedException();
        }
    } finally {
        if (failed)
            cancelAcquire(node);
    }
}